TY  - JOUR
U1  - Zeitschriftenartikel, wissenschaftlich - nicht begutachtet (unreviewed)
A1  - Rademacher, Michael
A1  - Linka, Hendrik
A1  - Horstmann, Thorsten
A1  - Henze, Martin
T1  - Path Loss in Urban LoRa Networks: A Large-Scale Measurement Study
N2  - Urban LoRa networks promise to provide a cost-efficient and scalable communication backbone for smart cities. One core challenge in rolling out and operating these networks is radio network planning, i.e., precise predictions about possible new locations and their impact on network coverage. Path loss models aid in this task, but evaluating and comparing different models requires a sufficiently large set of high-quality received packet power samples. In this paper, we report on a corresponding large-scale measurement study covering an urban area of 200km2 over a period of 230 days using sensors deployed on garbage trucks, resulting in more than 112 thousand high-quality samples for received packet power. Using this data, we compare eleven previously proposed path loss models and additionally provide new coefficients for the Log-distance model. Our results reveal that the Log-distance model and other well-known empirical models such as Okumura or Winner+ provide reasonable estimations in an urban environment, and terrain based models such as ITM or ITWOM have no advantages. In addition, we derive estimations for the needed sample size in similar measurement campaigns. To stimulate further research in this direction, we make all our data publicly available.
KW  - Measurement
KW  - Urban
KW  - LoRa
KW  - LoRaWAN
KW  - Path Loss
KW  - Low-Power Wide Area Network (LP-WAN)
U6  - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2109.07768
DO  - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2109.07768
AX  - 2109.07768
N1  - Author's version of a paper accepted for publication in Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE 94th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2021-Fall).
SP  - 6
S1  - 6
PB  - arXiv
ER  -