TY - JOUR U1 - Zeitschriftenartikel, wissenschaftlich - begutachtet (reviewed) A1 - Pfützner, Andreas A1 - Schipper, Dorothee A1 - Pansky, Andreas A1 - Kleinfeld, Claudia A1 - Roitzheim, Barbara A1 - Tobiasch, Edda T1 - Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation into Adipocytes Is Equally Induced by Insulin and Proinsulin In Vitro JF - International Journal of Stem Cells N2 - Background and Objectives: In advanced β-cell dysfunction, proinsulin is increasingly replacing insulin as major component of the secretion product. It has been speculated that proinsulin has at least the same adipogenic potency than insulin, leading to an increased tendency of lipid tissue formation in patients with late stage β-cell dysfunction. Methods and Results: Mesenchymal stem cells obtained from liposuction material were grown in differentiation media containing insulin (0.01 μmol), proinsulin (0.01 μmol) or insulin+proinsulin (each 0.005 μmol). Cell culture supernatants were taken from these experiments and an untreated control at weeks 1, 2, and 3, and were stored at -80°C until analysis. Cell differentiation was microscopically supervised and adiponectin concentrations were measured as marker for differentiation into mature lipid cells. This experiment was repeated three times. No growth of lipid cells and no change in adiponectin values was observed in the negative control group (after 7/14/12 days: 3.2±0.5/3.3±0.1/4.4±0.5 ng/ml/12 h). A continuous differentiation into mature adipocytes (also confirmed by Red-Oil-staining) and a corresponding increase in adiponectin values was observed in the experiments with insulin (3.6±1.9/5.1±1.4/13.3±1.5 ng/ml/12 h; p<0.05 week 1 vs. week 3) and proinsulin (3.3±1.2/3.5±0.3/12.2±1.2 ng/ml/12 h; p<0.05). Comparable effects were seen with the insulin/proinsulin combination. Conclusions: Proinsulin has the same adipogenic potential than insulin in vitro. Proinsulin has only 10∼20% of the glucose-lowering effect of insulin. It can be speculated that the adipogenic potential of proinsulin may be a large contributor to the increased body weight problems in patients with type 2 diabetes and advanced β-cell dysfunction. KW - Intact proinsulin KW - β-cell dysfunction KW - Visceral lipid tissue KW - Adipogenic effect KW - Stem cell differentiation UN - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1044-opus-34613 SN - 2005-3606 SS - 2005-3606 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc17033 DO - https://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc17033 PM - 29186653 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 154 EP - 159 PB - Korean Society for Stem Cell Research ER -