TY  - CHAP
U1  - Buchbeitrag
A1  - Grotheer, Vera
A1  - Schulze, Margit
A1  - Tobiasch, Edda
T1  - Trends in Bone Tissue Engineering: Proteins for Osteogenic Differentiation and the Respective Scaffolding
T2  - Protein Purification: Principles and Trends
N2  - Bone regeneration and replacement is a major focus in regenerative medicine since degenerative diseases and tumor surgery as well as accidents or dangerous recreational behavior is leading to an increasing need for bone reconstruction strategies. Especially for critical size bone defects, tissue engineering with mesenchymal stem cells is extensively studied because these cells are functioning as precursors for osteoblast in vivo. Nevertheless to reproduce the complex interaction of various factors in vitro is not an easy approach and further investigations have to be done. The status quo is summarized. A variety of growth and transcription factors are known to be involved in osteogenesis with bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and the transcription factor Runx2 being the most extensively studied ones. But also PPAR γ and Osterix are generally regarded as the master regulators of osteoblast differentiation. Recently the large family of purinergic receptors has proven to be essential molecules in osteogenesis as well. In addition, scaffolding is needed to create a three-dimensional tissue. Recent developments in scaffold design are summarized, including natural and synthetic materials with or without the use of bioactive molecules constructed to mimic the natural environment. The status quo of scaffold fabrication methods such as 3D nanoprinting and their influence on cell-scaffold interactions is discussed. In this review we summarize the most interesting results and our related work focusing on two joined approaches: 1) the complex interaction of the most promising factors improving or accelerating osteogenic differentiation and ii) the development of scaffold materials with osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties.
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 978-1-922227-40-9
SB  - 978-1-922227-40-9
PB  - iConcept Press
ER  -