Open Access

Mehrnaz Anvari, Anton Baldin, Tanja Clees, Bernhard Klaassen, Igor Nikitin, Lialia Nikitina, Sabine Pott

• This work considers a stationary simulation of pipeline fluid transport, in the presence of impurities and phase transitions. This simulation finds applications in diverse areas such as energy carrier transportation, including natural gas and hydrogen, as well as the efficient transport of carbon dioxide from emission sources to designated storage sites. Particularly for the transport of carbon dioxide, which is preferably carried out in a liquid or supercritical state, the accurate detection of phase transitions is of utmost importance. Additionally, evaluating the simulation precision based on the selected pipe subdivision is crucial for transporting fluids of any kind. Our implementation includes an algorithm that utilizes the Homogeneous Equilibrium Model and the GERG-2008 thermodynamic equation of state for phase transition detection. We have also developed an optimal pipe subdivision algorithm using empirical formulas derived from extensive numerical experiments. Rigorous testing of the algorithms has been conducted on realistic fluid transport scenarios, confirming their effectiveness in addressing the stated technical challenges.