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Generative Models for the Analysis of Dynamical Systems with Applications

  • High-dimensional and multi-variate data from dynamical systems such as turbulent flows and wind turbines can be analyzed with deep learning due to its capacity to learn representations in lower-dimensional manifolds. Two challenges of interest arise from data generated from these systems, namely, how to anticipate wind turbine failures and how to better understand air flow through car ventilation systems. There are deep neural network architectures that can project data into a lower-dimensional space with the goal of identifying and understanding patterns that are not distinguishable in the original dimensional space. Learning data representations in lower dimensions via non-linear mappings allows one to perform data compression, data clustering (for anomaly detection), data reconstruction and synthetic data generation. In this work, we explore the potential that variational autoencoders (VAE) have to learn low-dimensional data representations in order to tackle the problems posed by the two dynamical systems mentioned above. A VAE is a neural network architecture that combines the mechanisms of the standard autoencoder and variational bayes. The goal here is to train a neural network to minimize a loss function defined by a reconstruction term together with a variational term defined as a Kulback-Leibler (KL) divergence. The report discusses the results obtained for the two different data domains: wind turbine time series and turbulence data from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. We report on the reconstruction, clustering and unsupervised anomaly detection of wind turbine multi-variate time series data using a variant of a VAE called Variational Recurrent Autoencoder (VRAE). We trained a VRAE to cluster normal and abnormal wind turbine series (two class problem) as well as normal and multiple abnormal series (multi-class problem). We found that the model is capable of distinguishing between normal and abnormal cases by reducing the dimensionality of the input data and projecting it to two dimensions using techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE). A set of anomaly scoring methods is applied on top of these latent vectors in order to compute unsupervised clustering. We have achieved an accuracy of up to 96% with the KM eans + + algorithm. We also report the data reconstruction and generation results of two dimensional turbulence slices corresponding to CFD simulation of a HVAC air duct. For this, we have trained a Convolutional Variational Autoencoder (CVAE). We have found that the model is capable of reconstructing laminar flows up to a certain degree of resolution as well generating synthetic turbulence data from the learned latent distribution.

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Metadaten
Document Type:Report
Language:English
Author:Alan Preciado Grijalva
Number of pages:xvi, 45
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:1044-opus-60418
DOI:https://doi.org/10.18418/opus-6041
Supervisor:Paul G. Ploeger, Rodrigo Iza-Teran
Publishing Institution:Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
Granting Institution:Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, Fachbereich Informatik
Date of first publication:2022/01/05
Copyright:© 2020 Alan Preciado Grijalva. All Rights Reserved
Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC):0 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke / 00 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme / 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
Theses, student research papers:Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg / Fachbereich Informatik
Entry in this database:2022/01/05
Licence (Multiple languages):License LogoIn Copyright (Urheberrechtsschutz)