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Highly potent inhibitors of cathepsin K with a differently positioned cyanohydrazide warhead: structural analysis of binding mode to mature and zymogen-like enzymes

  • Cathepsin K (CatK) is a target for the treatment of osteoporosis, arthritis, and bone metastasis. Peptidomimetics with a cyanohydrazide warhead represent a new class of highly potent CatK inhibitors; however, their binding mechanism is unknown. We investigated two model cyanohydrazide inhibitors with differently positioned warheads: an azadipeptide nitrile Gü1303 and a 3-cyano-3-aza-β-amino acid Gü2602. Crystal structures of their covalent complexes were determined with mature CatK as well as a zymogen-like activation intermediate of CatK. Binding mode analysis, together with quantum chemical calculations, revealed that the extraordinary picomolar potency of Gü2602 is entropically favoured by its conformational flexibility at the nonprimed-primed subsites boundary. Furthermore, we demonstrated by live cell imaging that cyanohydrazides effectively target mature CatK in osteosarcoma cells. Cyanohydrazides also suppressed the maturation of CatK by inhibiting the autoactivation of the CatK zymogen. Our results provide structural insights for the rational design of cyanohydrazide inhibitors of CatK as potential drugs.

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Metadaten
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Author:Jakub Benýšek, Michal Buša, Petra Rubešová, Jindřich Fanfrlík, Martin Lepšík, Jiří Brynda, Zuzana Matoušková, Ulrike Bartz, Martin Horn, Michael Gütschow, Michael Mareš
Parent Title (English):Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry
Volume:37
Issue:1
Number of pages:12
First Page:515
Last Page:526
ISSN:1475-6366
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:1044-opus-61009
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/14756366.2021.2024527
PMID:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35144520
Publisher:Informa UK
Publishing Institution:Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
Date of first publication:2022/02/11
Copyright:© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Funding:This work was supported by the project ChemBioDrug CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000729 from ERDF/OPRDE and the institutional project RVO 61388963.
Keyword:Cathepsin K; azadipeptide nitrile; cyanohydrazide warhead; protease inhibitor; structure
Departments, institutes and facilities:Fachbereich Angewandte Naturwissenschaften
Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC):5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 54 Chemie / 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
Entry in this database:2022/02/15
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International