Refine
Departments, institutes and facilities
- Fachbereich Informatik (979)
- Fachbereich Angewandte Naturwissenschaften (630)
- Institut für funktionale Gen-Analytik (IFGA) (560)
- Institut für Technik, Ressourcenschonung und Energieeffizienz (TREE) (393)
- Fachbereich Ingenieurwissenschaften und Kommunikation (386)
- Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften (319)
- Institute of Visual Computing (IVC) (286)
- Institut für Cyber Security & Privacy (ICSP) (244)
- Institut für Verbraucherinformatik (IVI) (166)
- Internationales Zentrum für Nachhaltige Entwicklung (IZNE) (126)
Document Type
- Article (1649)
- Conference Object (1426)
- Part of a Book (249)
- Preprint (88)
- Report (73)
- Doctoral Thesis (64)
- Book (monograph, edited volume) (57)
- Master's Thesis (35)
- Working Paper (34)
- Conference Proceedings (27)
Year of publication
Language
- English (3791) (remove)
Keywords
- Machine Learning (15)
- Virtual Reality (15)
- FPGA (14)
- Robotics (14)
- Sustainability (14)
- ENaC (13)
- GC/MS (13)
- virtual reality (13)
- sustainability (12)
- ICT (11)
The AP-2 family of transcription factors consists of five different proteins in humans and mice: AP-2alpha, AP-2beta, AP-2gamma, AP-2delta and AP-2epsilon. Frogs and fish have known orthologs of some but not all of these proteins, and homologs of the family are also found in protochordates, insects and nematodes. The proteins have a characteristic helix-span-helix motif at the carboxyl terminus, which, together with a central basic region, mediates dimerization and DNA binding. The amino terminus contains the transactivation domain. AP-2 proteins are first expressed in primitive ectoderm of invertebrates and vertebrates; in vertebrates, they are also expressed in the emerging neural-crest cells, and AP-2alpha-/- animals have impairments in neural-crest-derived facial structures. AP-2beta is indispensable for kidney development and AP-2gamma is necessary for the formation of trophectoderm cells shortly after implantation; AP-2alpha and AP-2gamma levels are elevated in human mammary carcinoma and seminoma. The general functions of the family appear to be the cell-type-specific stimulation of proliferation and the suppression of terminal differentiation during embryonic development.
Context.We present the technology and first scientific results of a new generation of very flexible and sensitive spectrometers, well-suited for the needs of spectral-line radio and (sub)millimeter astronomy: Fast Fourier Transform Spectrometers (FFTS), which are in operation at the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX) telescope.
Aims. The FFTS for APEX is a novel high-resolution 2 x 1 GHz bandwidth digital spectrometer backend. Due to its high frequency resolution, and the demonstrated capability of operating at high altitude, the FFTS became the facility spectrometer for spectral line observations at APEX.
Methods. The FFTS is based on one of the currently most powerful digitizer/analyzer boards available from Acqiris, Switzerland. The board incorporates two 1 Gsamples/s analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) with 8-bit resolution which feed an on-board complex field programmable gate array (FPGA) chip. The enormous processing power by today's FPGAs allow for a complete real-time FFT signal processing pipeline to decompose a 1 GHz band into 16 384 spectral channels in just one chip.
Results. Since May 2005 an MPIfR FFTS has been extensively used in all regular spectroscopic science observations. The performance at APEX was demonstrated to be very reliable and as good as measured in the first laboratory tests which finally led to the request to provide a second, facility type FFTS for APEX. The unit was delivered and commissioned in March this year.
Conclusions. Using a commercially available digitizer board, it was possible to develop a complete FFTS in only a few months. Successful observations at APEX demonstrate that this new generation of FPGA-based spectrometers easily matching and superseding the performance of older technology spectrometers and can built up much more easily. Furthermore, the by now available class of new high-speed ADCs and the continuous increase of FPGA processing power makes it very likely that FFTS can be pushed to broader bandwidth and even more spectral channels in the near future.
Spectral surveys provide the only way to determine the full molecular inventory of an object and hence build a comprehensive view of the state of the molecular gas and its role in star formation and the structure and evolution of the ISM. Of course spectral surveys also provide the most efficient method of identifying new and unexpected species that have to be include in the chemical networks. The most extensive and complete survey of an extragalactic system has been the continuous spectral survey from 129 GHz to 175 GHz carried out by Martín et al. (2006) toward NGC253. This first spectral line surveys at 2 mm towards the prototypical starbursts galaxies NGC253 have shown an unexpected chemical richness.
Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) is a very simple and efficient, solventless sample preparation method, invented by Pawliszyn and coworkers at the University of Waterloo (Canada) in 1989. This method has been widely used in different fields of analytical chemistry since its first applications to environmental and food analysis. SPME integrates sampling, extraction, concentration and sample introduction into a single solvent-free step. The method saves preparation time, disposal costs and can improve detection limits. It has been routinely used in combination with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and successfully applied to a wide variety of ompounds, especially for the extraction of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds from environmental, biological and food samples.
Since the last twenty years, SPME in headspace (HS) mode is used as a valuable sample preparation technique for identifying degradation products in polymers and for determination of rest monomers and other light-boiling substances in polymeric materials. For more than ten years, our laboratory has been involved in projects focused on the application of HS-SPME-GC/MS for the characterization of polymeric materials from many branches of manufacturing and building industries. This book chapter describes the application examples of this technique for identifying volatile organic compounds (VOCs), additives and degradation products in industrial plastics, rubber, and packaging materials.
One idea behind Open Educational Resources (OERs) is opening up the access to learning resources for stakeholders who were not the originally targeted users. Even though making educational resources available for the public already is a remarkable achievement, their usefulness often is limited to a very particular context because of unclear or missing appropriateness regarding other contexts. In this paper, contextual appropriateness is investigated as a special quality criterion for OERs. We will introduce barriers against the use of OERs and demands from the educational community that need to be addressed in order to overcome such barriers. We will show that the hitherto implemented quality standards for Technology Enhanced Learning do not yet fully support such particular demands and discuss which additional steps are required for the context of OERs. We conclude with an outlook and recommendations that can open up the full potential of OERs.
The art of nudging
(2023)
Do simple and subtle changes in the living and study environment improve the eating behaviour of students in an educational setting? This dissertation provides a not-so-simple answer to this simple question based on the outcomes of four studies that explore the effects and design of artwork nudges (specifically the artwork of Alberto Giacometti) on the eating behaviour of students by applying different research designs. Study 1 explores the effects of a Giacometti-like nudge (a more contemporary version of the original nudge) regarding the dietary behaviour of high school students in a controlled setting. Study 2 applies different artwork nudges within a virtual vignette setting to measure their effects on virtual meal choices made. Also, the degree to which individuals were aware of the nudge’s presence is included as an influential factor in nudge effectiveness. Study 3 assesses the susceptibility to nudges as measured with a questionnaire. Susceptibility to nudges is defined as nudgeability. Study 4 assesses the effects of the original Giacometti nudge in a real-world university cafeteria setting. Specifically, the immediate and sustained effects of the original Giacometti nudge on students’ meal purchases in the university cafeteria are considered. In addition, the role of awareness of the nudge’s presence as well as the acceptance of this specific nudge are discussed. The conclusion is drawn that the original Giacometti nudge should only be applied in an educational setting to improve healthy eating behaviour if the intended target groups and environment meet certain conditions. Artwork nudges in general should be applied only after rigorous testing of various types of different nudges and more research reflecting healthy eating in its entirety.
Advocates of autonomous driving predict that the occupation of taxi driver could be made obsolete by shared autonomous vehicles (SAV) in the long term. Conducting interviews with German taxi drivers, we investigate how they perceive the changes caused by advancing automation for the future of their business. Our study contributes insights into how the work of taxi drivers could change given the advent of autonomous driving: While the task of driving could be taken over by SAVs for standard trips, taxi drivers are certain that other areas of their work such as providing supplementary services and assistance to passengers would constitute a limit to such forms of automation, but probably involving a shifting role for the taxi drivers, one which focuses on the sociality of the work. Our findings illustrate how taxi drivers see the future of their work, suggesting design implications for tools that take various forms of assistance into account, and demonstrating how important it is to consider taxi drivers in the co-design of future taxis and SAV services.