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People with type 2 Diabetes have an elevated risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) for which dyslipidemia is the major contributor. Diabetic patients have characteristic pattern of dyslipidemia with decreased level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and elevated triglycerides (TG) level. However, in diabetes mellitus, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) which is used as one of the markers for the risk of CVD, is underestimated so in such cases the levels of non-High density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) can be a stronger predictor of CVD as it strongly correlates with atherogenic lipoproteins. Therefore, an attempt has been made to evaluate the level of non-HDL-C as a newer marker for the risk of cardiovascular disease and to fi nd out the pattern of dyslipidemia in diabetes mellitus. The present study comprised of 82 type 2 Diabetic cases and 81 non-diabetic controls. Among the diabetics, the majority of the subjects (61.0%) were HDL-C dyslipidemic. However, among the controls, the maximum numbers of individuals (40.7%) were TG dyslipidemic. Diabetics have signifi cantly elevated ratio of total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) and the signifi cant increased levels of non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) compared to controls which can be used as markers of dyslipidemia and can also be used to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Stellt Product Placement eine bösartige Fehlentwicklung dar oder löst es erstarrte und verkrampfte Strukturen in unserem Mediensystem? Gehört es rigoros verboten oder kann es gemeinwohlorientiert reguliert werden? Das Phänomen sorgt in zyklischer Abfolge für hitzige Diskussionen, große Hoffnungen und noch größere Skandale.
Die Frage der Wertorientierungen wirtschaftlichen und politischen Handelns gewinnt immer dann ein öffentliches Interesse, wenn soziale Probleme oder Konflikte von existenzieller Bedeutung für die Betroffenen auftreten. Ist es richtig, das Unternehmenswohl höher einzustufen als das Wohl der Mitarbeiter und ihrer Familien?
Approximate clone detection is the process of identifying similar process fragments in business process model collections. The tool presented in this paper can efficiently cluster approximate clones in large process model repositories. Once a repository is clustered, users can filter and browse the clusters using different filtering parameters. Our tool can also visualize clusters in the 2D space, allowing a better understanding of clusters and their member fragments. This demonstration will be useful for researchers and practitioners working on large process model repositories, where process standardization is a critical task for increasing the consistency and reducing the complexity of the repository.
CSR als Führungskonzept
(2012)
Die Darlegungsform von Nachhaltigkeitsleistungen sind üblicherweise gesondert ausgegebene Nachhaltigkeitsberichte auf die DAX-30-Unternehmen in ihren Geschäftsberichten hinweisen. Insbesondere die für kapitalmarktorientierte Unternehmen bedeutende Stakeholdergruppe der Analysten und Investoren fordert jedoch zunehmend eine integrative Darstellung aller Dimensionen der Triple-Bottom-Line auch im Lagebericht. Die gesetzlichen Offenlegungspflichten nach § 289 Abs. 3 bzw. § 315 Abs. 1 S. 4 HGB und DRS 15.32 erhöhen den Druck auf die DAX-30-Unternehmen zusätzlich. Diese Arbeit thematisiert im Kern das aktuelle Spannungsfeld zwischen Ökonomie, Ökologie und sozialem Engagement von Unternehmen. Auf Basis einer umfassenden theoretischen Analyse werden konkrete Kennzahlen zur Erfassung von Indikatoren der Nachhaltigkeit gebildet und deren Ausprägung bei den DAX 30 Unternehmen erarbeitet.
Development and Validation of a Rapid and Reliable Method for TPMT Genotyping using real-time PCR
(2012)
The topic of this PhD project is in the context of cross-reality, a term that defines mixed reality environments that tunnel dense real-world data acquired through the use of sensor/actuator device networks into virtual worlds. It is part of the ongoing academia and industry efforts to achieve interoperability between virtual and real devices and services.
Vermitteln von Werten
(2012)
Eine neue Kultur der Verantwortung – Was Politik und Gesellschaft von Unternehmen erwarten müssen
(2012)
Controlling 2020
(2012)
Aufgrund der wachsenden Dynamik der Unternehmensumwelt, nimmt die allgemeine Unsicherheit über die zukünftigen Entwicklungsrichtungen der Unternehmen in Deutschland stetig zu. Vor diesem Hintergrund und für einen proaktiven Umgang mit zukünftigen Herausforderungen, sollten Controller ein besonderes Interesse daran haben, frühzeitig zu erfahren, welche Entwicklungen die Controllingpraxis in Zukunft tangieren werden. Trotz der steigenden Nachfrage kommt aktuell weder die akademische, noch die praxisorientierte Controllingforschung ihrer Prognosefunktion in ausreichendem Maße nach. Als wissenschaftlicher Beitrag für eine stärkere Zukunftsorientierung in der Controllingforschung zielt die vorliegende Arbeit darauf ab, mit Hilfe einer qualitativen Metaanalyse, aus Zukunftsbildern der Unternehmensumwelt Thesen über die zukünftige Entwicklung des Controllings in Deutschland bis 2020 aufzustellen und Implikationen für die Controllingpraxis abzuleiten.
Nützt oder schadet ethisches Verhalten der Karriere und dem Erfolg der Mitarbeiter und ihrer Unternehmen? Wenn man gerade die letzten 10 Entwicklungsjahre in vielen Unternehmen sieht, könnte man spontan die Meinung vertreten, dass Ethik und Moral der Karriere eher schadet, legt man den Maßstab an moralische Qualitäten des täglichen Handelns.
Education is widely seen as an important means of addressing both national and international problems, such as political or religious extremism, poverty, and hunger. However, if developing countries are to become societies that can compete properly with Western industrialized countries, not only is a fundamental shift in thinking with regard to the value of education and more/better provision of teaching required, but strong support from other countries is needed as well. This article explores questions such as whether Western policymakers can avoid a repetition of some of the failures of the past few decades in terms of providing foreign aid; how educators and providers of educational scenarios and learning contents can foster and manage the creation of a worldwide knowledge society; and in particular, if the provision of open educational resources (OER) can realistically overcome the educational gap and foster educational justice.
Education is widely seen as an important means of addressing both national and international problems, such as political or religious extremism, poverty, and hunger. If publicly available educational resources (OERs) shall help overcoming the educational gap, localization is one of the major issues we need to deal with. Educators as well as learners need to be supported to determine adaptation needs. This paper provides a list of possible in-fluence factors on educational scenarios which are defined as context metadata. In the given form, the list needs to be understood as an addendum for the paper entitled ‘Open Educational Resources: Education for the World?’ from Thomas richter and Maggie McPherson; It is being published in the volume 3, issue 2 of the Journal Distance Education in 2012.
This presentation shows that students in different cultural contexts have different perceptions of time management and work organization. Particularly in group work scenarios, such differences can have a frustrating impact on students from other cultural contexts because e.g., expectations are not met. Being aware of such differences between the learners in a culturally heterogeneous educational scenario, educators can prevent frustration by introducing their students and providing more specific instructions.
For learners, feedback can be both, a strong motivator but in case it fails its purpose, it can be a strong reason for frustration and dropouts as well. Do we have to change our locally implemented feedback strategies when adapting learning contents from national to international settings? In our study, we the investigated learners’ understanding and preferences regarding feedback in scenarios of higher education across the five different national contexts, Bulgaria, Germany, South Korea, Turkey, and Ukraine.
In the context of Internet-based e-Learning, including an international auditory is a logical consequence. However, due to uncertainty regarding the foreign learners, e-Learning programs often are limited to local or national participants. Understanding the different expectations of learners regarding instructor-support is one step in order to enable providers of educational services to tailor educational programs that fit the requirements of an international auditory. We asked university students in five countries regarding their expectations towards instructor-support and found major differences between the investigated countries.
In this paper we summarize our research on international educational contexts and transfer the results to the context of urban life-long learning. We will show that a collection and provision of relevant data can help instructors as well as learners to raise their awareness regarding contextual differences, to develop a higher level of acceptance regarding differences, and thus, in the long term, avoid frustration in educational processes and reduce drop out-rates.
Multi-hop Netze sind seit vielen Jahren Forschungsthema. Seit einigen Jahren gibt es auch erste Realisierungen solcher Netze. Sie ermöglichen es, ohne feste Infrastruktur sich selbst organisierende Netze zu realisieren. Dies macht sie für vielfältige zivile wie taktische Szenarien interessant. In der vorliegenden Arbeit liegt der Fokus auf taktischen Szenarien, wie Szenarien der öffentlichen Sicherheit, militärischen oder Katastrophenszenarien. In solchen Szenarien kann für die Kommunikation auf der letzten Meile nicht von existierender Kommunikationsinfrastruktur ausgegangen werden. Taktische multi-hop Netze stellen eine Möglichkeit dar, die Kommunikation auf der letzen Meile trotzdem zu realisieren.
Die sozialen Herausforderungen der Zukunft und die gesellschaftspolitische Rolle von Unternehmen
(2012)
Malware is responsible for massive economic damage. Being the preferred tool for digital crime, botnets are becoming increasingly sophisticated, using more and more resilient, distributed infrastructures based on peer-to-peer (P2P) protocols. On the other side, current investigation techniques for malware and botnets on a technical level are time-consuming and highly complex. Fraunhofer FKIE is addressing this problem, researching new ways of intelligent process automation and information management for malware analysis in order to minimize the time needed to investigate these threats.
Today’s computer systems face a vast array of severe threats that are posed by automated attacks performed by malicious software as well as manual attacks by individual humans. These attacks not only differ in their technical implementation but may also be location-dependent. Consequentially, it is necessary to join the information from heterogeneous and distributed attack sensors in order to acquire comprehensive information on current ongoing cyber attacks.
AV-Medientechnik
(2012)
Um Filme, TV-Beiträge oder Musikvideos professionell zu produzieren, ist die sichere Beherrschung der Produktionstechnik absolut erforderlich. Basierend auf den jeweiligen technischen und physiologischen Grundlagen vermittelt dieses Buch praxisnah die wesentlichen technischen Inhalte der Film- und Fernsehproduktion. (Verlagsangaben)
Topics
Dialogue University President Hartmut Ihne and Jakob Rhyner, Vice Rector of the United Nations University (UNU), talk about common goals and the concept of regional internationality ...
Studies and Teaching University scores high with the Teaching Quality Pact (Pro-MINT-us), career training and Bachelor studies all in one, three attractive Master’s programmes set up, central e-Learning platform online, International Centre for Sustainable Development already hard at work ...
Research Graduate Institute establishes new Ph.D. culture, research focus on visual computing secures third-party funding, energy harvesting project wins university competition, research on the impact of zero gravity on arteries, security systems protect against car thieves ...
Campus Centre for Science and Technology Transfer, International Welcome Centre - a first stop for foreign students, alumni coordinator keeps in close contact with former students, hackathon brings students from around the world together, H-BRS prepared for the double Abitur year ...
What if ... ... the Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences did not exist? Personal answers to an unusual question ...
Region H-BRS- a strong engine for the region, research centre for region’s SMEs looks for investors, companies invest in scholarships, students advise the Alexander- Koenig-Gesellschaft, BusinessCampus opens a third location, concept for medical tourism along the Rhine corridor ...
International Mechanical engineering students in Ethiopia, businesses and universities collaborate in Ghana, university partnership with Namibia, Study Buddies for foreign students, student initiates German-Argentine Master’s degree, Spanish teacher conference, intercultural training for all university staff ...
Facts and Figures Programmes of study, statistics, organisational structure, international partnerships, awards ...
Handlungsspielräume zur Gestaltung nachhaltiger Mobilität werden unzulänglich genutzt. Wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse aus Gesundheit, Umwelt und Verkehr finden zögerlich Eingang in Verkehrspolitik. Konkurrenz der Ministerien für Wirtschaft, Verkehr, Umwelt und Gesundheit hindert an der Wahrnehmung der Wertschöpfung nachhaltiger Mobilität. Bemühungen um eine Entlastung der Innenstädte sind von effizienter Prävention weit entfernt, externe Kosten werden ignoriert. Biokraftstoffpflanzungen (mit Raubbau an Regenwäldern) erhöhen die Emissionen der industrialisierten Landwirtschaft und ruinieren Wasserressourcen. Diese Verschiebung in andere klimagasrelevante Produktionsbereiche verschlimmert die globalen CO2-Bilanzen. Wenige Einzelfälle sind verkehrs-ökologisch am Verursacherprinzip orientiert (z. B. in Österreich). Die WHO stellt Wissen bereit, unerwünschte Effekte vermeidbar zu machen. Über vermeidbare Gesundheitsfolgekosten (Atemwegserkrankungen, Übergewicht) liegt zwar genügend Material vor. Transdisziplinäre Betrachtungen der Wertschöpfung werden aber als nicht umsetzbar abqualifiziert.
Die Debatte um das menschliche Erkenntnisvermögen, also die Frage nach der Art und Weise, wie Menschen Wissen und Erkenntnis erlangen, ist nicht neu, sondern sie stellt sich seitdem philosophische Fragen gestellt werden – ohne dass allerdings über die Jahrhunderte hinweg eine definitive Antwort auf diese Frage gefunden werden konnte.
Auf dem Weg zur Promotion: Zur Benachteiligung von Fachhochschul-Absolventinnen und -Absolventen
(2012)
Das Team aus Sascha Czornohus, Katrin Dobersalske, Fabian Heuel und Nina Petrow bearbeitet mit seinem „Aufsatz Auf dem Weg zur Promotion: Strukturelle Benachteiligung von Fachhochschul-Absolventinnen und -Absolventen“ ein hochschulpolitisch brisantes und daher sensibles Thema, das die Hochschulpolitik inzwischen in offener Auseinandersetzung beschäftigt. Seit die Forschung unstreitig zu den Aufgaben der Fachhochschulen zählt, Promotion zu den Berufungsvoraussetzungen an ihnen gehört und alle Professoren an Universitäten ausgebildet wurden, wurde die Forderung nach Promotionszugängen für die Master-Absolventen der Fachhochschulen immer lauter. Teillösungen wurden gefunden, aber die Debatte wird breiter und umfasst inzwischen (auf dem Hintergrund der Profil- und Schwerpunktbildung mit sehr unterschiedlichem Ausbau der Fächer) die Frage, ob überhaupt ganzen Hochschulen das Promotionsrecht verliehen werden sollte oder von Fachbereich zu Fachbereich verschieden – auch bei Universitäten. Die Überzeugung, dass die Verteilung des Promotionsrechts in Deutschland überprüft werden sollte, breitet sich aus. Das HSW ist an der breiteren Diskussion dieses Themas interessiert.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the Third International ICST Conference on e-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries, AFRICOMM 2011, held in Zanzibar, Tansania, in November 2011. The 24 revised full papers presented together with 2 poster papers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics in the field of information and communication infrastructures. They are organized in two tracks: communication infrastructures for developing countries and electronic services, ICT policy, and regulatory issues for developing countries.
YAWL User Group
(2012)
The documentation requirements of data published in long term archives have significantly grown over the last decade. At WDCC the data publishing process is assisted by “Atarrabi”, a web-based workflow system for reviewing and editing metadata information by the data authors and the publication agent. The system ensures high metadata quality for long-term use of the data with persistent identifiers (DOI/URN). By these well-defined references (DOI) credit can properly be given to the data producers in any publication.
This paper describes adaptive time frequency analysis of EEG signals, both in theory as well as in practice. A momentary frequency estimation algorithm is discussed and applied to EEG time series of test persons performing a concentration experiment. The motivation for deriving and implementing a time frequency estimator is the assumption that an emotional change implies a transient in the measured EEG time series, which again are superimposed by biological white noise as well as artifacts. It will be shown how accurately and robustly the estimator detects the transient even under such complicated conditions.
The criteria for assessing the quality of rubber materials are the polymer or copolymer composition and the additives. These additives include plasticizers, extender oils, carbon black, inorganic fillers, antioxidants, heat and light stabilizers, processing aids, cross-linking agents, accelerators, retarders, adhesives, pigments, smoke and flame retardants, and others. Determination of additives in polymers or copolymers generally requires the extraction of these substances from the matrix as a first step, which can be challenging, and the subsequent analysis of the extracted additives by gas chromatography (GC), GC–mass spectrometry (MS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), HPLC–MS, capillary electrophoresis, thin-layer chromatography, and other analytical techniques. In the present work, nitrile rubber materials were studied using direct analytical flash pyrolysis hyphenated to GC and electrospray ionization MS in both scan and selected ion monitoring modes to demonstrate that this technique is a good tool to identify the organic additives in nitrile rubber.
In a research project funded by the German Research Foundation, meteorologists, data publication experts, and computer scientists optimised the publication process of meteorological data and developed software that supports metadata review. The project group placed particular emphasis on scientific and technical quality assurance of primary data and metadata. At the end, the software automatically registers a Digital Object Identifier at DataCite. The software has been successfully integrated into the infrastructure of the World Data Center for Climate, but a key was to make the results applicable to data publication processes in other sciences as well.
Along with the success of the digitally revived stereoscopic cinema, other events beyond 3D movies become attractive for movie theater operators, i.e. interactive 3D games. In this paper, we present a case that explores possible challenges and solutions for interactive 3D games to be played by a movie theater audience. We analyze the setting and showcase current issues related to lighting and interaction. Our second focus is to provide gameplay mechanics that make special use of stereoscopy, especially depth-based game design. Based on these results, we present YouDash3D, a game prototype that explores public stereoscopic gameplay in a reduced kiosk setup. It features live 3D HD video stream of a professional stereo camera rig rendered in a real-time game scene. We use the effect to place the stereoscopic effigies of players into the digital game. The game showcases how stereoscopic vision can provide for a novel depth-based game mechanic. Projected trigger zones and distributed clusters of the audience video allow for easy adaptation to larger audiences and 3D movie theater gaming.
Gas chromatography with simultaneous flame-ionization detection (FID) and a nitrogen-phosphorus detection (NPD) as well as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) has been used to characterize some long-chain primary alkyl amines and alkyl diamines after derivatization with trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA).
Designing stereoscopic information visualization for 3D-TV: What can we learn from S3D gaming?
(2012)
This paper explores graphical design and spatial alignment of visual information and graphical elements into stereoscopically filmed content, e.g. captions, subtitles, and especially more complex elements in 3D-TV productions. The method used is a descriptive analysis of existing computer- and video games that have been adapted for stereoscopic display using semi-automatic rendering techniques (e.g. Nvidia 3D Vision) or games which have been specifically designed for stereoscopic vision. Digital games often feature compelling visual interfaces that combine high usability with creative visual design. We explore selected examples of game interfaces in stereoscopic vision regarding their stereoscopic characteristics, how they draw attention, how we judge effect and comfort and where the interfaces fail. As a result, we propose a list of five aspects which should be considered when designing stereoscopic visual information: explicit information, implicit information, spatial reference, drawing attention, and vertical alignment. We discuss possible consequences, opportunities and challenges for integrating visual information elements into 3D-TV content. This work shall further help to improve current editing systems and identifies a need for future editing systems for 3DTV, e.g., live editing and real-time alignment of visual information into 3D footage.
We present a study that investigates user performance benefits of playing video games using 3D motion controllers in 3D stereoscopic vision in comparison to monoscopic viewing. Using the PlayStation 3 game console coupled with the PlayStation Move Controller, we explored five different games that combine 3D stereo and 3D spatial interaction. For each game, quantitative and qualitative measures were taken to determine if users performed better and learned faster in the experimental group (3D stereo display) than in the control group (2D display). A game expertise pre-questionnaire was used to classify participants into beginners and expert game player categories to analyze a possible impact on performance differences. The results show two cases where the 3D stereo display did help participants perform significantly better than with a 2D display. For the first time, we can report a positive effect on gaming performance based on stereoscopic vision, although reserved to isolated tasks and depending on game expertise. We discuss the reasons behind these findings and provide recommendations for game designers who want to make use of 3D stereoscopic vision and 3D motion control to enhance game experiences.
Recent advances in digital game technology are making stereoscopic games more popular. Stereoscopic 3D graphics promise a better gaming experience but this potential has not yet been proven empirically. In this paper, we present a comprehensive study that evaluates player experience of three stereoscopic games in comparison with their monoscopic counterparts. We examined 60 participants, each playing one of the three games, using three self-reporting questionnaires and one psychophysiological instrument. Our main results are (1) stereoscopy in games increased experienced immersion, spatial presence, and simulator sickness; (2) the effects strongly differed across the three games and for both genders, indicating more affect on male users and with games involving depth animations; (3) results related to attention and cognitive involvement indicate more direct and less thoughtful interactions with stereoscopic games, pointing towards a more natural experience through stereoscopy.
Der richtige Umgang mit Kritik ist in vielen Unternehmen noch eine große Herausforderung. So fehlt Vorgesetzten oft jegliche Sensibilität gegenüber diesem Thema. Daher schrecken die meisten Mitarbeiter davor zurück, sich an einem kritischen Dialog im Betrieb zu beteiligen. Dabei könnten hierdurch wichtige Potenziale an Kreativität in Betrieb und Gesellschaft ausgeschöpft und deren innere Stabilität erhöht werden.
Durch eine zusammenfassende Matrix bietet das Buch im Falle von Konflikten sowohl für junge als auch schon erfahrene Mitarbeiter sowie Vorgesetzte einen Leitfaden für das eigene Verhalten. Der Autor greift hierbei neben einem geschichtlichen Rückblick auf die Erfahrungen eines langen Berufslebens in einer international tätigen Institution zurück.
A robot (e.g. mobile manipulator) that interacts with its environment to perform its tasks, often faces situations in which it is unable to achieve its goals despite perfect functioning of its sensors and actuators. These situations occur when the behavior of the object(s) manipulated by the robot deviates from its expected course because of unforeseeable ircumstances. These deviations are experienced by the robot as unknown external faults. In this work we present an approach that increases reliability of mobile manipulators against the unknown external faults. This approach focuses on the actions of manipulators which involve releasing of an object. The proposed approach, which is triggered after detection of a fault, is formulated as a three-step scheme that takes a definition of a planning operator and an example simulation as its inputs. The planning operator corresponds to the action that fails because of the fault occurrence, whereas the example simulation shows the desired/expected behavior of the objects for the same action. In its first step, the scheme finds a description of the expected behavior of the objects in terms of logical atoms (i.e. description vocabulary). The description of the simulation is used by the second step to find limits of the parameters of the manipulated object. These parameters are the variables that define the releasing state of the object.
Using randomly chosen values of the parameters within these limits, this step creates different examples of the releasing state of the object. Each one of these examples is labelled as desired or undesired according to the behavior exhibited by the object (in the simulation), when the object is released in the state corresponded by the example. The description vocabulary is also used in labeling the examples autonomously. In the third step, an algorithm (i.e. N-Bins) uses the labelled examples to suggest the state for the object in which releasing it avoids the occurrence of unknown external faults.
The proposed N-Bins algorithm can also be used for binary classification problems. Therefore, in our experiments with the proposed approach we also test its prediction ability along with the analysis of the results of our approach. The results show that under the circumstances peculiar to our approach, N-Bins algorithm shows reasonable prediction accuracy where other state of the art classification algorithms fail to do so. Thus, N-Bins also extends the ability of a robot to predict the behavior of the object to avoid unknown external faults. In this work we use simulation environment OPENRave that uses physics engine ODE to simulate the dynamics of rigid bodies.
Mikroökonomie: Grundlagen der Wissenschaft von Märkten und Institutionen wirtschaftlichen Handelns
(2012)
Die Mikroökonomie gehört zu den Kernfächern in wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Bachelor- und Masterprogrammen. Das vorliegende Buch bietet mit vielen Beispielen und Aufgaben, beispielsweise aus den Gebieten Arbeits-, Kapital-, Versicherungs-, Güter-, und Gesundheitsmarkt, die Möglichkeit, die Theorie anzuwenden und nachzuvollziehen.
People have dreamed of machines, which would free them from unpleasant, dull, dirty and dangerous tasks and work for them as servants, for centuries if not millennia. Service robots seem to finally let these dreams come true. But where are all these robots that eventually serve us all day long, day for day? A few service robots have entered the market: domestic and professional cleaning robots, lawnmowers, milking robots, or entertainment robots. Some of these robots look more like toys or gadgets rather than real robots. But where is the rest? This is a question, which is asked not only by customers, but also by service providers, care organizations, politicians, and funding agencies. The answer is not very satisfying. Today’s service robots have their problems operating in everyday environments. This is by far more challenging than operating an industrial robot behind a fence. There is a comprehensive list of technical and scientific problems, which still need to be solved. To advance the state of the art in service robotics towards robots, which are capable of operating in an everyday environment, was the major objective of the DESIRE project (Deutsche Service Robotik Initiative – Germany Service Robotics Initiative) funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under grant no. 01IME01A. This book offers a sample of the results achieved in DESIRE.
Jede Führungskraft hat ein bestimmtes Menschenbild, das ihre Arbeit und den Umgang mit den Mitarbeitern prägt. Diese Menschenbilder sind auch einem historischen Wandel unterworfen. Denn im Lauf der Jahrzehnte haben sich unsere Vorstellungen vom Menschen als Mitarbeiter grundlegend gewandelt. Welche Konsequenzen dieser Wandel für die Mitarbeiterführung hat, untersucht der folgende Artikel.
The relative contributions of radial and laminar optic flow to the perception of linear self-motion
(2012)
When illusory self-motion is induced in a stationary observer by optic flow, the perceived distance traveled is generally overestimated relative to the distance of a remembered target (Redlick, Harris, & Jenkin, 2001): subjects feel they have gone further than the simulated distance and indicate that they have arrived at a target's previously seen location too early. In this article we assess how the radial and laminar components of translational optic flow contribute to the perceived distance traveled. Subjects monocularly viewed a target presented in a virtual hallway wallpapered with stripes that periodically changed color to prevent tracking. The target was then extinguished and the visible area of the hallway shrunk to an oval region 40° (h) × 24° (v). Subjects either continued to look centrally or shifted their gaze eccentrically, thus varying the relative amounts of radial and laminar flow visible. They were then presented with visual motion compatible with moving down the hallway toward the target and pressed a button when they perceived that they had reached the target's remembered position. Data were modeled by the output of a leaky spatial integrator (Lappe, Jenkin, & Harris, 2007). The sensory gain varied systematically with viewing eccentricity while the leak constant was independent of viewing eccentricity. Results were modeled as the linear sum of separate mechanisms sensitive to radial and laminar optic flow. Results are compatible with independent channels for processing the radial and laminar flow components of optic flow that add linearly to produce large but predictable errors in perceived distance traveled.