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Warum beeinträchtigen bestimmte Kratzer auf einer CD nicht die Wiedergabequalität? Wie können Datenübertragungen gegen Informationsverlust gesichert werden? Warum und wie funktionieren öffentliche Verschlüsselungssysteme? Worin ist deren Sicherheit begründet? Auf welcher Grundlage werden Routing-Tabellen in Netzwerkknoten erstellt? Wie wird eine optimale Kompression von Daten erreicht?
Diese und viele andere Fragen müssen zufriedenstellend beantwortet werden können, um bestimmte Qualitäten von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien zu erreichen. Informatikerinnen und Informatiker aller Studienrichtungen müssen in der Lage sein, diese Technologien erfolgreich einzusetzen und weiterzuentwickeln. Dazu müssen sie die Grundlagen kennen, auf denen diese Technologien basieren.
A Method of Lines Flux-Difference Splitting Finite Volume Approach for 1D and 2D River Flow Problems
(2001)
This report has been prepared by the SETAC Europe Scientific Task Group on Global And RegionaL Impact Categories (SETAC-Europe/STG-GARLIC) that is installed by the 2nd SETAC Europe working group on life cycle impact assessment (WIA-2). This document is background to a chapter written by the same authors under the title “Climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, photo-oxidant formation, acidification and eutrophication” in Udo de Haes et al. (2002). The chapter summarises the work of the STG-GARLIC and aims to give a state-of-the-art review of the best available practice(s) regarding category indicators and lists of concomitant characterisation factors for climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, photo-oxidant formation, acidification, and aquatic and terrestrial eutrophication. Backgrounds on each of the specific impact categories are given in another background report from Klöpffer and Potting (2001).
This background report provides details on a selection of general issues relevant in relation to LCA and characterisation of impact in LCA. The document starts with a short introduction of the LCA methodology and impact assessment in LCA for non LCA-experts. LCA experts, on the other hand, will usually not be familiar in-depth with scientific and political backgrounds of the specific impact categories. A review of this is given. Also the discussion is provided about the issue of the position of the category indicator in the causality chain, and into the related issue of spatial differentiation. These two issues appeared to be one of the core items for SETAC-Europe/STG-GARLIC.