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In this paper, we describe an approach to academic teaching in computer science using storytelling as a means to investigate to hypermedia and virtual reality topics. Indications are shown that narrative activity within the context of a Hypermedia Novel related to educational content can enhance motivation for self-conducted learning and in parallel lead to an edutainment system of its own. In contrast to existing approaches the Hypermedia Novel environment allows an iterative approach to the narrative content, thereby integrating story authoring and story reception not only in the beginning but at any time. The narrative practice and background research as well as the resulting product can supplement lecture material with comparable success to traditional academic teaching approaches. On top of this there is the added value of soft skill training and a gain of expert knowledge in areas of personal background research.
This report presents the implementation and evaluation of a computer vision problem on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). This work is based upon [5] where the feasibility of application specific image processing algorithms on a FPGA platform have been evaluated by experimental approaches. The results and conclusions of that previous work builds the starting point for the work, described in this report. The project results show considerable improvement of previous implementations in processing performance and precision. Different algorithms for detecting Binary Large OBjects (BLOBs) more precisely have been implemented. In addition, the set of input devices for acquiring image data has been extended by a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera. The main goal of the designed system is to detect BLOBs in continuous video image material and compute their center points.
This work belongs to the MI6 project from the Computer Vision research group of the University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg1 . The intent is the invention of a passive tracking device for an immersive environment to improve user interaction and system usability. Therefore the detection of the users position and orientation in relation to the projection surface is required. For a reliable estimation a robust and fast computation of the BLOB's center-points is necessary. This project has covered the development of a BLOB detection system on an Altera DE2 Development and Education Board with a Cyclone II FPGA. It detects binary spatially extended objects in image material and computes their center points. Two different sources have been applied to provide image material for the processing. First, an analog composite video input, which can be attached to any compatible video device. Second, a five megapixel CCD camera, which is attached to the DE2 board. The results are transmitted on the serial interface of the DE2 board to a PC for validation of their ground truth and further processing. The evaluation compares precision and performance gain dependent on the applied computation methods and the input device, which is providing the image material.
An electronic display often has to present information from several sources. This contribution reports about an approach, in which programmable logic (FPGA) synchronises and combines several graphics inputs. The application area is computer graphics, especially rendering of large 3D models, which is a computing intensive task. Therefore, complex scenes are generated on parallel systems and merged to give the requested output image. So far, the transportation of intermediate results is often done by a local area network. However, as this can be a limiting factor, the new approach removes this bottleneck and combines the graphic signals with an FPGA.
This paper describes FGPA-based image combining for parallel graphics systems. The goal of our current work is to reduce network traffic and latency for increasing performance in parallel visualization systems. Initial data distribution is based on a common ethernet network whereas image combining and returning differs to traditional parallel rendering methods. Calculated sub-images are grabbed directly from the DVI-Ports for fast image compositing by a FPGA-based combiner.
This Paper presents the methodical approach and early findings of the project SEN-TAF (Technology Acceptance by the Elderly to Increase Independence). The project aims to examine the acceptance of robotic systems by elderly people and make early recommendations of necessary features those systems should contain. Based on theoretical approaches of technology acceptance and an empirical study to examine the general need of support of the elderly we developed several scenarios of robot applications. These scenarios are then visualized in animations and simulations to check the preliminary defined acceptance model. Beside these scenarios we survey several other factors which might have an impact of the overall acceptance, e.g. the appearance of the robotic systems (humanoid vs. technical appearance) and the interaction 'mode' (speaking vs. nonspeaking). In addition to these animations and simulations we survey the acceptance of the robotic dog AIBO as early placeholder for future developments in animal robotic systems which could serve as a resource against boredom.
Die Normen DIN EN 61508 und DIN EN 62304 beschreiben Sicherheitsanforderungen für die Entwicklung von Software im medizinischen Umfeld. Diese beinhalten u.a. Vorschriften zur Verifikation und Diagnose (Kapitel C5, DIN EN 61508-7), zur Beurteilung der funktionalen Sicherheit (Kapitel C6, DIN EN 61508-7), zur Implementierung und Verifikation von Software-Einheiten (Kapitel 5.5, DIN EN 62304) und zur Prüfung des Softwaresystems (Kapitel 5.7, DIN EN 62304). Durch die kosteneffektiven Verfahren Threat Modeling und Fuzzing wird diesen Forderungen entsprochen und insbesondere die Identifizierung unveröffentlichter Sicherheitslücken ermöglicht. In einem Forschungsprojekt1 werden Tools für beide Verfahren analysiert und bewertet. Im Projekt werden mit beiden Verfahren sehr erfolgreich bislang nicht identifizierte (unveröffentlichte) Sicherheitslücken in Individual- und Standardsoftware identifiziert und auch behoben. Im Rahmen der Gesundheitstelematik können durch beide Verfahren die Anforderungen zur Softwareentwicklung und -Verifizierung erfüllt und darüber hinaus kann ein weit höheres Sicherheitsniveau erreicht werden.
Die Tool-gestützte Identifizierung von Sicherheitslücken kann in verschiedenen Stadien des Software-Entwicklungsprozesses und -Lebenszyklus durchgeführt werden. Mit Fuzzing und Threat-Modeling stehen beispielsweise zwei Methoden zur Verfügung, welche zum Finden von Sicherheitsproblemen auch in produktiv betriebenen Anwendungen eingesetzt werden können. Beim Threat-Modeling handelt es sich um ein heuristisches Verfahren, das die methodische Entwicklung eines vertrauenswürdigen Systementwurfs unterstützt. Mit der Fuzzing-Methode lässt sich die Robustheit der untersuchten Software sowohl mit willkürlichen als auch mit zielgerichteten Daten überprüfen. Im Beitrag werden die Vorgehensweisen beim Einsatz der beiden Methoden skizziert sowie Hinweise auf entsprechende Tools gegeben.
The task of this thesis is to develop an OGC-compliant Sensor Observation Service (SOS) { a component of the SWE { for GPS related sensor data in this context. It should, in contrast to existing implementations, support full mobility of the sensors and be con gurable with respect to adding di erent kinds of sensors. In particular, mobile phones should be considered as sensors, which transmit their data to the SOS server through the transactional SOS interface.
This report describes the design, the implementation and the usage of a system for managing different systems for automated theorem proving and automatically generated proofs. In particular, we focus on a user-friendly web-based interface and a structure for collecting and cataloguing proofs in a uniform way. The second point hopefully helps to understand the structure of automatically generated proofs and builds a starting point for new insights for strategies for proof planning.
In the eld of accessing and visualization mobile sensors and their recorded data, di erent approaches were realized. The OGC1 Sensor observation Service supplies a standard to access these information, stored on servers. To be able to access these servers, an interface must be developed and implemented. The result should be a con gurable development framework for web-based GIS clients supporting the OGC sensor observation services. In particular the framework should allow continuous position updates of mobile sensors. Visualization features like charts, bounding boxes of sensors and data series should be included.
Nowadays perception is still an up-to-date scienti fic issue on a mobile robot system. This thesis introduces an approach on how to recognize objects, namely numbers, using a digital camera on a Volksbot robot. The robot used in this thesis has been specifi cally designed for the SICK robot day. The development of the vision algorithm was done in two stages: the region of interest detection and the actual number recognition. Diff erent algorithms had been tested and evaluated and the Canny edge detector with contour finding has been proven to be the best choice for the region of interest detection and the Tesseract OCR engine was the best decision for number recognition. To integrate the vision component on an existing robot system, ROS was used. This thesis also discusses the integration of the EPOS motor controller into ROS.
Robots integrated into a social environment with humans need the ability to locate persons in their surrounding area. This is also the case for the WelcomeBot which is developed at the Fraunhofer Institute IAIS. In the future, the robot should follow persons in the buildings and guide them to certain areas. Therefore, it needs the capability to detect and track a person in the environment. In this master thesis, an approach for fast and reliable tracking of a person via a mobile robotic platform is presented. Based on the investigation of different methods and sensors, a laser scanner and a camera are selected as the primary two sensors.
Suppose we have n keys, n access probabilities for the keys, and n+1 access probabilities for the gaps between the keys. Let h_min(n) be the minimal height of a binary search tree for n keys. We consider the problem to construct an optimal binary search tree with near minimal height, i.e.\ with height h <= h_min(n) + Delta for some fixed Delta. It is shown, that for any fixed Delta optimal binary search trees with near minimal height can be constructed in time O(n^2). This is as fast as in the unrestricted case. So far, the best known algorithms for the construction of height-restricted optimal binary search trees have running time O(L n^2), whereby L is the maximal permitted height. Compared to these algorithms our algorithm is at least faster by a factor of log n, because L is lower bounded by log n.
The development of robot control programs is a complex task. Many robots are different in their electrical and mechanical structure which is also reflected in the software. Specific robot software environments support the program development, but are mainly text-based and usually applied by experts in the field with profound knowledge of the target robot. This paper presents a graphical programming environment which aims to ease the development of robot control programs. In contrast to existing graphical robot programming environments, our approach focuses on the composition of parallel action sequences. The developed environment allows to schedule independent robot actions on parallel execution lines and provides mechanism to avoid side-effects of parallel actions. The developed environment is platform-independent and based on the model-driven paradigm. The feasibility of our approach is shown by the application of the sequencer to a simulated service robot and a robot for educational purpose.
Masterkurs IT-Controlling
(2010)
Unter Green IT kann der energiesparende Umgang mit IT-Ressourcen verstanden werden. Hierzu gehören energiesparende Investitionen in Hardware, Software und Services, aber auch Veränderungen in der Geschäfts- und IT-Strategie. Eine aktuelle Umfrage hat ergeben, dass ein Drittel der Unternehmen ihre Energiekosten für den Betrieb der IT nicht kennen. Zudem werden bei Investitionsentscheidungen die Energiekosten nur rudimentär oder gar nicht in den Entscheidungsprozess einbezogen. Nach Untersuchungen der Experten Group fallen mehr als 60% der IT-getriebenen Energiekosten außerhalb des Rechenzentrums an, also in Büros und anderen Unternehmensbereichen. Es kann davon ausgegangen werden, dass sich die Thematik Green IT noch in der Anfangsphase befindet und noch ausbaufähige Weiterentwicklungsmöglichkeiten bestehen. Eine zentrale Aufgabe für die Unternehmen wird der Aufbau ganzheitlicher Umweltmanagementkonzepte sein, die u.a. Green IT integrieren. Die bisherigen Einzelmaßnahmen reichen nicht aus, weil eine strategische Zielsteuerung fehlt. Hierzu ist eine Erweiterung bzw. Anpassung der Geschäfts- und IT-Strategie erforderlich. Strategiesteuerungskonzepte, wie die Balanced Scorecard, sind um geeignete Kenngrößen (Ziele, Keimzahlen, Messgrößen und Maßnahmen) zu erweitern. Das Umweltbewusstsein der Mitarbeiter ist zu schärfen. Ein weiterer Aspekt ist die Frage der Messung des Fortschritts in den Unternehmen und auch aus gesamtwirtschaftlicher Sicht. Die Entwicklung von Reifegradmodellen und Zertifizierungskonzepten steht ebenfalls noch am Anfang. Hier bestehen noch ein erhebliches Forschungspotenzial und vor allem Möglichkeiten der Umsetzung. Unternehmen sollten jetzt bereits vorhandene Zertifizierungskonzepte unabhängiger Anbieter aufgreifen und nutzen. Forscher sollten Zertifizierungskonzepte entwickeln bzw. weiterentwickeln und mit den Managementinstrumenten der Betriebswirtschaftslehre abstimmen bzw. diese dort integrieren.
Nachhaltig gestiegene Energiepreise haben vor dem Hintergrund begrenzter IT-Budgets zum Nach- und teilweise auch Umdenken geführt. Ähnlich der „Bio-Welle“ im Lebensmittelbereich ist derzeit eine „Grüne-Welle“ unter IT-Anbietern und deren Kunden zu verspüren. Unter Green IT kann der energiesparende Umgang mit IT-Ressourcen verstanden werden. Hierzu gehören energiesparende Investitionen in Hardware, Software und Services, aber auch Veränderungen in der Geschäfts- und IT-Strategie. Allerdings zeigen verschiedene Studien, dass noch kein durchgängiges Verständnis über Green IT existiert. In vielen Fällen sind dem IT-Management die Energiekosten für den Betrieb zentraler IT-Systeme (Server im Rechenzentrum u. a.) und dezentraler Arbeitsplatzsysteme (Desktops, Laptops u. a.) weitgehend unbekannt. Eine aktuelle Umfrage hat ergeben, dass ein Drittel der Unternehmen ihre Energiekosten für den Betrieb der IT nicht kennen. Zudem werden bei Investitionsentscheidungen die Energiekosten nur rudimentär oder gar nicht in den Entscheidungsprozess einbezogen. Gleichzeitig prognostizieren Analysten wie die Gartner Group einen stark steigenden Markt für IT-Leistungen, die unter dem Schlagwort „Green IT“ vermarktet werden. Stand bislang die Einsparung von Energiekosten im zentralen Rechenzentrum im Vordergrund, weiten sich die Bemühungen auch im dezentralen IT-Umfeld, also in den Büros mit ihren Arbeitsplatzsystemen (Desktops, Laptops etc.) aus. Nach Untersuchungen der Experton Group fallen mehr als 60 % der IT-getriebenen Energiekosten außerhalb des Rechenzentrums an, also in Büros und anderen Unternehmensbereichen.
Green IT (Green IS, Green ICT) is a concept of saving energy consumption to reduce IT costs. A current survey shows that only few companies in German speaking countries consider this aspect in their daily business. This is important facing the current situation of attempts of cost saving during the current economic crisis worldwide. This paper introduces into Green IT and presents an IT management and controlling concept. Then the main results of a currently presented survey are used to modify the concept. Finally an agenda for future research is given.
In Artificial Intelligence, numerous learning paradigms have been developed over the past decades. In most cases of embodied and situated agents, the learning goal for the artificial agent is to „map“ or classify the environment and the objects therein [1, 2], in order to improve navigation or the execution of some other domain-specific task. Dynamic environments and changing tasks still pose a major challenge for robotic learning in real-world domains. In order to intelligently adapt its task strategies, the agent needs cognitive abilities to more deeply understand its environment and the effects of its actions. In order to approach this challenge within an open-ended learning loop, the XPERO project (http://www.xpero.org) explores the paradigm of Learning by Experimentation to increase the robot's conceptual world knowledge autonomously. In this setting, tasks which are selected by an actionselection mechanism are interrupted by a learning loop in those cases where the robot identifies learning as necessary for solving a task or for explaining observations. It is important to note that our approach targets unsupervised learning, since there is no oracle available to the agent, nor does it have access to a reward function providing direct feedback on the quality of its learned model, as e.g. in reinforcement learning approaches. In the following sections we present our framework for integrating autonomous robotic experimentation into such a learning loop. In section 1 we explain the different modules for stimulation and design of experiments and their interaction. In section 2 we describe our implementation of these modules and how we applied them to a real world scenario to gather target-oriented data for learning conceptual knowledge. There we also indicate how the goaloriented data generation enables machine learning algorithms to revise the failed prediction model.