Fachbereich Sozialpolitik und Soziale Sicherung
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«Ich notiere, also bin ich»
(2021)
Was tun gegen Infektionsjournalismus? Die mediale Allgegenwart des Virus und die vergessenen Themen
(2021)
Landesozialgericht München, Urteil vom 12.05.2021 – L 3 U 373/18 – juris
„Ein Arbeitsunfall [im Homeoffice] liegt mangels Unfallkausalität nicht vor, wenn sich im rein persönlichen Wohnbereich des Versicherten ein Unfall ereignet, dessen wesentliche Ursache eine spezifische Gefahr der eigenen Häuslichkeit ist.“
The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration defines Global Skill Partnerships (GSP) as an innovative means of strengthen skills development among origin countries and countries of destination in mutually beneficial manner. However, GSPs are very limited in number and scope, and empirical analyses of them are, to date, relatively rare. This study helps fill this gap in data by presenting and examining existing GSPs or GSP-like approaches (e.g., transnational training partnerships). The aim of the study is to take stock of the various conceptual discourses on and practical experience with transnational skill partnerships. Using Kosovo as a case study, the study details the structure of such partnerships and the processes they entail. It documents the experience of those involved and catalogues the factors contributing to success. On this basis, the authors propose a means of categorizing the various practices that will help structure the empirical diversity of such approaches and render them conceptually feasible: Transnational Skills and Mobility Partnerships (TSMP).
The universal basic income grant (UBIG): A comparative review of the characteristics and impact
(2021)
In recent years, public debates, pilot projects and academic research have internationally boosted the prominence of the universal basic income grant (UBIG) as a policy option. Despite this prominence, the arguments and evidence of the UBIG discussion have not been systematically put forward and discussed in light of the different UBIG conceptual understandings and applications. This paper adds value to the debate by systematic presenting the social, economical and political arguments in support of and against a UBIG. It furthermore discusses the UBIG dimensions/characteristics and variations, and also pose questions about whether all the UBIG experiments can really be classified as a UBIG. Antagonist of a UBIG often raise concerns about the negative effect of the lack of conditions and targeting in a UBIG. Since evidence on the impact of UBIG is limited, this paper turns to the evidence base on unconditional cash transfers and conditional cash transfers. The results show that it is the cash transfer rather than the conditionality and targeting that produce positive outcomes in areas of personal wellbeing.
What does the right to social security mean if the majority of the world’s population still lives in overwhelming insecurity? What is the significance and role of international social security standards, developed by the International Labour Organization (ILO2) over decades? What are the economic, labour market and political factors determining differences between countries with respect to population coverage by social security schemes and systems? How can past and recent experiences of countries in the Global North and in the Global South be used to expand social security coverage, and what role can be played by the new standard in this area – the ILO Social Protection Floors Recommendation 202, adopted in 2012?
The article contributes to understanding the political economy of implementation of social protection programmes at local level. Current debates are dominated by technocratic arguments, emphasizing the lack of financial resources, technology or skills as major barriers for effective implementation. Describing how chiefs, assistant-chiefs and community elders are routinely at the centre stage of core implementation processes, including targeting, enrolment, delivery, monitoring, awareness and information, data collection or grievance and redress, this study on Kenya argues for the need to look more closely into the local political economy as an important mediating arena for implementing social policies. Implementation is heavily contingent upon the local social, political and institutional context that influences and shapes its outcomes. These processes are ambivalent involving multiple forms of interactions between ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ institutional structures, which may support initial policy objectives or induce policy outcomes substantially diverging from intended policy objectives.
The future of work
(2021)
Driven by the exponential increase in the computational power of machines, data digitalization and scientific advancement in robotics and automation, the current wave of technological change is seemingly unprecedented in speed and scale. It transforms manufacturing and businesses making them more flexible, decentralized and efficient (Lasi et al. 2014). Even though technological change is nothing new, some argue that it is different this time. The new technologies have not only the potential to substitute labor (Nomaler and Verspagen 2018), they also change the way people work. The trend towards new forms of employment is no longer a marginal phenomenon.
Social transfers
(2021)
Social transfers are on the rise in the Global South but they have also been in the centre of discussion in the Global North as an attractive instrument to buffer new risks and uncertainties in a changing world. They have experienced a dramatic change since the beginning of the new century, starting off as a revolutionary programmatic intervention in countries such as Mexico and Brazil or as a fledgling pilot programme in countries such as Zambia, Kenya and Malawi. They have now become a standard intervention across the globe, a truly global social policy as Hickey and Seekings (2019, 249) coined it. This global trend has been facilitated by donors’ strive to move away from ever recurring humanitarian actions, by increased pressure on donors to show aid effectiveness with the money finally reaching the most vulnerable as well as by international concerted actions such as the United Nations initiative of a global social protection floor.
This study intends to contribute to the discourse on social protection and crime. The study assessed social protection as a tool for crime prevention, with bias to Owerri municipal local government area of Imo state, Nigeria as a case study. The study employed a qualitative approach which allowed the researcher to explore experiences and perspectives of selected participants. Purposive sampling was considered appropriate for the defined population. In-depth interview and focus group discussion (FGD) served as data collection instruments. A review of available literature, reports, newspaper publications, reports, and various internet sources were exhaustively utilised to gather secondary data.
The study revealed that social protection possesses the potential to prevent crime. The study informed that certain intervention programmes established by the government helped in decreasing crime incidences in the area under study. In addition, the study revealed that social protection enhances wellbeing, empowers people, promotes better living conditions, imbues a sense of belonging and inclusiveness, promotes social stability and does not lead to dependency. However, the study revealed that social protection alone is incapable of eradicating crime.
Social budgeting
(2021)
At the beginning of 2020 with the globally spreading pandemic of COVID-19 and all its social and economic consequences, the importance of having comprehensive, universal and effective social protection systems became once again – like during all the major economic and social crises before – very clear (Gentilini et al. 2020; Chapter 43 of this volume). Countries with strong social protection systems, although needing to enhance many benefit provisions and extend coverage to reach those in non-standard forms of employment, still were coping better with the pandemic and had better chances of cushioning the resulting economic downturn. However, we know from past experience that after the crisis is over, austerity measures may focus again on limiting social expenditure under all kinds of excuses.
John V. Pavlik: Journalism in the Age of Virtual Reality: How Experiential Media are Transforming News
New York: Columbia UP 2019, 284 S., ISBN 9780231184496, GBP 25,-
Karen Fowler-Watt, Stephen Jukes (Hg.): New Journalisms: Rethinking Practice, Theory and Pedagogy
London, New York: Routledge 2020, 198 S., ISBN 9781138596757, GBP 34,99
Psychische Belastungen führen im Gegensatz zu physikalischen, chemischen und biologischen Risiken häufig noch ein Schattendasein bei der Beurteilung möglicher Risikofaktoren für Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit. Die Hinweise auf Zusammenhänge mit Sicherheit und Gesundheit führen aber langsam zu einem Umdenken.
Der Journalist und Hochschuldozent Peter Welchering hat in der Reihe »Essentials« bei Springer VS einen Band zur digitalen Recherche veröffentlicht. Die Essentials dienen der kurzen Überblicksinformation, haben oft praktische oder pragmatische Themen zum Inhalt und haben den begrenzten Umfang einer Broschüre, der den konzentrierten Zugriff möglich machen soll. Gleichzeitig soll, so besagt es die verlagseigene Beschreibung, der »State-of-the-Art« in der gegenwärtigen Fachdiskussion widergespiegelt werden. Das ist ein hoher Anspruch, zumal wenn ein so umfassendes Thema wie die Digitale Recherche auf gerade mal 37 Seiten dargestellt werden soll. Diesen Anspruch gilt es zu überprüfen.
Nudging stellt eine Methode zur positiven Verhaltensbeeinflussung unserer Mitmenschen dar. Mit diesem Instrument kann das Sicherheits- und Gesundheitsverhalten von Arbeitnehmern gestärkt werden. Allerdings findet sie trotz intensiver Forschung bislang wenig Anwendung im betrieblichen Kontext. Daher lautet die Forschungsfrage dieser Arbeit: „Wie lässt sich Nudging seitens der Unternehmen als Präventionsmaßnahme während der Corona-Pandemie einsetzen?“. Mit der Übertragung von Nudging in der Arbeitswelt auf die derzeitigen Herausforderungen der aktuellen Corona-Pandemie leistet diese Arbeit einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Entwicklung neuer Präventionsmaßnahmen in Unternehmen. In der Arbeit konnte festgestellt werden, dass die Entwicklung von Nudges im Unternehmen unter Einbeziehung der Mitarbeiter in einem proaktiven und partizipativen Prozess stattfinden sollte. Mithilfe eines solchen Prozesses werden Gründe für das mögliche Fehlverhalten der Arbeitnehmer analysiert. Anschließend sollten Nudging-Techniken eingesetzt werden, die genau an diesen Punkten anknüpfen – am Fehlverhalten der Menschen. Über den partizipativen Nudging-Prozess wird die Akzeptanz der Arbeitnehmer im Hinblick auf etwaige Maßnahmen gefördert. Es wird am reflektierten Entscheidungssystem der Arbeitnehmer angesetzt. Unter Berücksichtigung der Corona-Pandemie sollte im betrieblichen Kontext zur Förderung des Sicherheitsverhaltens besonders auf den Wirkmechanismus „Norms“ gesetzt werden. Im Home-Office eignen sich aufgrund der Distanz zu den Arbeitnehmern Nudges mit technischer Natur, wie z.B. automatisierte Anmeldungen zu Maßnahmen des Gesundheitsmanagements. Hier greift der Wirkmechanismus „Defaults“. Diese Bachelorarbeit wurde als theoretische Arbeit auf Grundlage einer Literaturrecherche verfasst.