Zacharias, terHorst et al. (Hg.): Forschungsspitzen und Spitzenforschung. Innovationen an der FH Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, Festschrift für Wulf Fischer
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In the last 5 years a close co-operation between the Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences and the Philips Research Laboratories in Aachen has been established. In this article I want to report on the co-operation of the Department of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Technical Journalism with Philips. Besides a number of diploma theses on the field of water treatment with new discharge lamps, power electronics and modelling of electromagnetic field configurations, there is running also an activity on a new generation of highly efficient light sources based on molecular discharges.
Timely recognition of threats can be significantly supported by security assistance systems that work continuously in time and call the security personnel in case of anomalous events in the surveillance area. We describe the concept and the realization of an indoor security assistance system for real-time decision support. The system consists of a computer vision module and a person classification module. The computer vision module provides a video event analysis of the entrance region in front of the demonstrator. After entering the control corridor, the persons are tracked, classified, and potential threats are localized inside the demonstrator. Data for the person classification are provided by chemical sensors detecting hazardous materials. Due to their limited spatio-temporal resolution, a single chemical sensor cannot localize this material and associate it with a person. We compensate this deficiency by fusing the output of multiple, distributed chemical sensors with kinematical data from laser-range scanners. Considering both the computer vision formation and the results of the person classification affords the localization of threats and a timely reaction of the security personnel.
Embryonic stem cells (ES) have the potential of long-term viability, selfrenewal and pluripotency which makes them interesting candidates for tissue engineering and gene therapy applications. On the other hand ethical and political issues arise while using theses cells and severe problems such as their tumorgenicity have not been solved yet. In the last couple of month a new source of cells with stem cell character was developed, the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS). These cells are derived from differentiated adult cells via transduction of three transcription factors and show features similar to embryonic stem cells. Unfortunately, this includes the tumorgenicity which is even higher in those cells since the transcription factor transduction needed until now, is performed with retrovial vectors, which have a tumor potential on their own. Thus, adult stem cells are investigated extensively as alternative source of self-renewing cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs), which have in addition the advantage of potential autologous transplantation, can be found in various differentiated tissues since they are needed for maintenance and repair. They can be differentiated in chondrogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic and myogenic lineages which makes them an excellent tool for future tissue replacement strategies.
A soluble form of the complement receptor CD21 (sCD21) is shed from the lymphocyte surface. The sCD21 is able to bind all known ligands such as CD23, sCD23, Epstein-Barr virus and C3d in immune complexes. Here, we show the serum levels of sCD21 in sera the of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients. Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disorder in which autoantibodies cause heart attack, stroke and miscarriage. Antiphospholipid syndrome may appear as primary or in association with systemic lupus erythromatosus (SLE) and other autoimmune diseases. Here, we ask whether APS patients have different sCD21 titers compared to healthy persons and whether sCD21 levels correlate with the presence of anti-β2-GPI autoantibodies. We show that autoimmune APS patients have significantly reduced amounts of sCD21 in their sera, irrespective of the presence of anti-β2-GPI autoantibodies. In our APS patients cohort additional SLE, vasculities, DVT (deep vein thrombosis), fetal loss or thrombosis did not correlate to the reduced level of sCD21.
In Artificial Intelligence, numerous learning paradigms have been developed over the past decades. In most cases of embodied and situated agents, the learning goal for the artificial agent is to „map“ or classify the environment and the objects therein [1, 2], in order to improve navigation or the execution of some other domain-specific task. Dynamic environments and changing tasks still pose a major challenge for robotic learning in real-world domains. In order to intelligently adapt its task strategies, the agent needs cognitive abilities to more deeply understand its environment and the effects of its actions. In order to approach this challenge within an open-ended learning loop, the XPERO project (http://www.xpero.org) explores the paradigm of Learning by Experimentation to increase the robot's conceptual world knowledge autonomously. In this setting, tasks which are selected by an actionselection mechanism are interrupted by a learning loop in those cases where the robot identifies learning as necessary for solving a task or for explaining observations. It is important to note that our approach targets unsupervised learning, since there is no oracle available to the agent, nor does it have access to a reward function providing direct feedback on the quality of its learned model, as e.g. in reinforcement learning approaches. In the following sections we present our framework for integrating autonomous robotic experimentation into such a learning loop. In section 1 we explain the different modules for stimulation and design of experiments and their interaction. In section 2 we describe our implementation of these modules and how we applied them to a real world scenario to gather target-oriented data for learning conceptual knowledge. There we also indicate how the goaloriented data generation enables machine learning algorithms to revise the failed prediction model.
Gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) has been used for structure elucidation of long-chain primary n-alkyl amines after derivatization with trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA). Electron impact ionization- (EI) and positive chemical ionization- (PCI) mass spectra of trifluoroacetylated derivatives of the identified nalkyl amines are presented. The corrosion inhibiting n-alkyl amines were applied in the investigation of a new anticorrosive and antifouling formulation for water-steam circuit of energy systems in the power industry. The presented results are part of an EU-funded international collaboration with partners from research institutes and industry from Poland, Lithuania, Romania, France and Germany (EUREKA project BOILTREAT E!2426).
Der Zukunftsforscher Leo A. Nefiodow sieht den Gesundheitsbereich als den neuen Megamarkt des 21. Jahrhunderts, der auf den Basisinnovationen psychosozialer Gesundheit mit den Anwendungen der Biotechnologie und Umwelttechnologien beruhen soll. Er sieht in der Verbesserung der psychosozialen Gesundheit erhebliche Produktivitätsreserven für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Nefiodow beruft sich auf soziochronologische Wellen von mehreren Jahrzehnten Dauer, die der russische Wirtschaftswissenschaftler Nikolai Kondratieff entdeckte.
Das Litho-Jet-Bohrverfahren
(2009)
Mit zunehmender Knappheit fossiler Brennstoffe und sich zeitigender Akzeptanzprobleme nuklearer Energie gewinnen regenerative Energieträger an wachsender Bedeutung. Unter diesen nimmt die Erdwärme eine besondere Stellung ein, da sie – im Gegensatz zu anderen regenerativen Energien – global, kontinuierlich und auch längerfristig mit großen Potenzialen verfügbar ist.
In den Medien wird momentan immer mehr die Rolle von klein- und mittelständischen Betrieben, als "Jobmotor" für Deutschland betont. Darunter fallen auch Neugründungen. Wirtschaftspolitisch interessant sind deswegen vor allem innovative, wachstumsstarke Existenzgründungen. Verschiedene Untersuchungen geben Grund zu der Annahme, dass vornehmlich Hochschulabsolventen solche Unternehmen gründen. "Unternehmerisches Denken" ist eine Schlüsselqualifikation geworden, die für die berufliche Zukunft von Hochschulabsolventen von steigender Bedeutung ist. Unternehmern zugesprochene Eigenschaften, wie Eigeninitiative, Übernahme von Verantwortung, Führungsqualität und Belastbarkeit auch in besonderen Stresssituationen sind für viele etablierte Unternehmen als Einstellungskriterium für Akademiker stärker in den Vordergrund gerückt.
Ausgangspunkt unserer Überlegungen ist die Feststellung, dass die Legitimierung moderner Formen des Wissens mit dem Verlust von legitimierenden Metaerzählungen einhergeht. Diese Feststellung bezieht sich nicht nur ganz allgemein auf die klassischen Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften, sondern auch konkret auf die angewandte Management- und Organisationsforschung. Traditionell werden diese untergeordneten Diskursarten durch den übergeordneten Diskurs der Aufklärung legitimiert und unterwerfen sich dem Diktat der Rationalität des Modernismus (Ant 2004).