650 Management und unterstützende Tätigkeiten
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While universities are mandated to teach, research and do community outreach, studies reveal that typical university communities live in relative isolation where research is more basic than applied. This study focused on; 1) determining how WWE could be fostered through linkages between universities and external agencies (communities, public and private sectors); 2) establishing how universities’ resources could be optimized to promote research and capacity building for WWE. The dimensions of WWE studied were; 1) Technical & Business Models; 2) Capacity building; and 3) institutional frameworks. Baseline studies were conducted in which qualitative and quantitative data was collected through questionnaires, interviews, documents analysis. Experimentations were carried out whereby Laboratory tests on Bio-methane Potential (BMP) for different biomass types was conducted. A complete chain of briquettes production and consumption has been successfully piloted at St Kizito High School in Namugongo, near Kampala. The 20,000 kg of briquettes produced (from municipal bio-waste) by students monthly are used to cook in three schools whose total population is 2000 students. With an average net profit of $ 3000, the project makes business sense even in absence of social-benefit accounting. Based on start-up capital of $ 12,250, the payback period on investment is 14.7 months. Bio-char (from carbonized waste) and briquette-ash are used as organic fertilizers and biocide in vegetable gardens at the schools. New pathways for municipal waste management based on stakeholder engagement and entrepreneurship are demonstrated; departing from the conventional waste collection and disposal models. This circular enterprise which enhances Food, Agriculture, Biodiversity, Land-use and Energy (FABLE) nexus will scale-up to incorporate non-student communities (youths/women), private waste-collectors and entrepreneurs. The application of entrepreneurial models for engaging students in green enterprises integrates technological, social, economic and governance dimensions for promoting municipal sanitation, environment; energy and food security.
Namibia’s hunting industry is increasingly threatened by animal rightists and opponent groups whose adversarial mindset is mostly based on emotion orientated information. The fatal consequences if closing hunting tourism in a country like Namibia are expounded in this study by critically investigating the input of well-regulated hunting tourism towards conservation in Namibia. Different factors have to be taken into consideration, regarding the country’s attributes that differ significantly from other countries and their methods to achieve successful conservation management strategies. By conducting an in-depth interview with Mr. Volker Grellmann and by obtaining secondary data from local authorities and organizations, the current research investigates how well-regulated hunting tourism in Namibia is an important part of biodiversity conservation. The results outline that hunting tourism is crucial for the value of wildlife and yields for wildlife to have a greater benefit than livestock and crop farming in Namibia. Likewise, the country takes care of their valuable natural recourse. As a result, natural habitats are induced, and subsequently a steeply growing number of wildlife was recorded over the last 50 years in Namibia. Among others hunting tourism favors the development of rural areas and yields incentives to fight poaching and the illegal trade of wild animal products.
Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) are widely recognised as playing a pivotal role in economic development and job creation. This is particularly so in Africa, where SMMEs are responsible for 80% of all formal jobs. While this is recognised by various African continental and national developments plans, the nefarious practice of late payment, by especially governments, not only stunt the growth of SMMEs, but often-time leads to business failure. This article investigates the impact of late payment, with a specific focus on South Africa and touches on international good practice that may be employed to address this phenomenon.
Start-ups stehen im Wettbewerb um qualifizierte Mitarbeiter in starker Konkurrenz zu etablierten Unternehmen und Konzernen. Der Bedarf an Fachkräften (etwa Software-Entwicklern) ist größer als je zuvor [1]. Wie stellen sich Start-ups als Arbeitgeber dar, um Personal für sich zu gewinnen? Dieser Frage wurde im Rahmen der Studie „Start-ups als Arbeitgeber“ nachgegangen.
Die Bilder aus dem Silicon Valley sind bekannt: Das Großraumbüro mit den Sitzecken zum Zurückziehen. Schaukeln, Kickern und Videospiele zum Relaxen in den Arbeitspausen. Überall gibt es etwas zu essen und zu trinken, und das natürlich gratis. – Diese Vorstellungen haben viele im Kopf. Finden sich diese Bilder in der Selbstdarstellung deutscher Start-ups als Arbeitgeber wieder?
Die hier vorgestellte Studie will keine allgemeingültigen Ergebnisse liefern, sondern ist explorativ angelegt und soll zur weiteren Beschäftigung mit diesem Forschungsfeld in Wissenschaft und Praxis anregen.
This study sought to examine the relationship between the components of SMEs social capital and firm performance. Using the social capital theory and the resource-based view as the theoretical foundations and census, 1,532 SMEs were selected in the Accra Metropolis for the study. Empirical results from 717 SMEs, utilising the hierarchical linear regression model, revealed that owner/manger’s network relationships are beneficial to the firm depending on when the relationships are closed or opened. Moreover, the study found that social capital has a significant impact on the sales and market performance of small and medium-sized enterprises. The results also brought to the fore the fact that most social networks of SME entrepreneurs are family, friends and relatives, which most times can only be used for expressive purposes and not for instrumental gain. The practical implications of the results are also discussed.
Innovation has been touted to be the central catalyst of entrepreneurship. This view has dominated research in start-ups as well as small and medium enterprises. Therefore, the relationship between innovation and firm performance has been a subject of interest to many researchers and policy makers. Through a longitudinal approach, this study investigated the influence of product innovation on the performance of Haco Tiger Brands, a medium sized fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) company in Kenya’s East Africa market. The study looked at the product innovation activities within the company for a period of 7 years for a total of 35 products across the five major brand categories of the company. Using a secondary data capture form, data on sales revenues for both the company and innovated products for the past 7 years was obtained. Data on the innovated products launch time and type of innovation was also obtained. Using time series and linear regression analysis, the results indicate that the total company sales revenues less innovation grew at a slower rate of 50% as compared to growth when product innovation sales revenues were included in the total company sales revenues accounting for a faster sales growth rate of 76%. The influence of product innovation on performance was statistically significant (p<0.05) accounting for 92.19% variation in performance. These findings provide irrefutable empirical basis that product innovations have significant revenue growth rates, hence the need for managers of medium sized companies to invest in research and development to sustain product innovation and spur growth. The results sit well within theory and other empirical studies with additional contribution to methodology. Based on the study limitations, further areas for research have been suggested.
Pan-African University (PAU) is an initiative of the African Union Commission (AUC) that started in 2008 with the objective to promote higher education, science and technology on the African continent at a high academic level. The Pan-African University Institute of Water and Energy Sciences (including Climate Change) (PAUWES) is one of the five hubs of the Pan African University (PAU) and hosted at the University of Tlemcen in Algeria. PAUWES offers graduate students access to leading academic research and the latest theoretical and hands-on training in areas vital to the future of Africa’s development in water, energy and the challenge of climate change.
Kenya, like all other developing countries in the world, is faced with the task of working strategically towards the achievement of the Sustained Development Goals (SDGs) 2030. These goals whose due date of accomplishment coincides with those of the national development blueprint, namely, the Kenya Vision 2030, have become a major focus of attention in the country. Conferences, workshops, and seminars are organized throughout the country on regular bases by joint multiplicity of organizations to address modalities of ensuring a timely achievement of SDGs in the country. Universities either individually or jointly are working towards this same target. More specifically, there are great areas of concern or priority areas that the country is focusing on as a strategic focus towards the achievement of the Kenya Vision 2030 and SDGs 2030. These strategic areas of focus have been isolated and declared by the President of the Republic of Kenya, His Excellency Uhuru Kenyatta, as the country’s “big four priority areas”, namely, affordable housing, affordable health care, food security, and manufacturing as a grandiose effort towards achievement of the SDGs, Kenya Vision 2030 as well as job and wealth creation. Similarly, Mount Kenya University’s top management established the Graduate Enterprise Academy (GEA) in 2013 under the direct Patronage of the university’s Founder with the primary aim of assisting graduates to be job and wealth creators rather than being job seekers. So far, over twenty start-ups are running throughout the country under Graduate Enterprise Academy (GEA). Incidentally, although the Graduate Enterprise Academy’s diverse areas of focus extend beyond the President of Kenya’s “Big Four” to include ICT and creative arts, among others, there are justifiable cases to indicate that GEA’s activities are also in support of the national “Big Four” agenda. This paper gives an exposition of different start-ups under MKU’s Graduate Enterprise Academy and are show-cased as evidence of MKU’s support towards the achievement of the national “Big Four” agenda. The paper covers a part of an ongoing program through desk-top analyses of reports, with an objective of show-casing MKU’s contribution to the national agenda through the Graduate Enterprise Academy for possible scale - up.