Refine
H-BRS Bibliography
- yes (33) (remove)
Departments, institutes and facilities
- Fachbereich Angewandte Naturwissenschaften (33) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (20)
- Part of a Book (6)
- Conference Object (3)
- Contribution to a Periodical (3)
- Book (monograph, edited volume) (1)
Year of publication
- 2009 (33) (remove)
Keywords
- Corrosion inhibitors (2)
- Apheresis therapy (1)
- B cell activation (1)
- Biomaterialien (1)
- Biomaterials (1)
- CD146 (1)
- Carboxy-terminal fragments (1)
- Dental follicle (1)
- Deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (1)
- Derivatization with trifluoroacetic anhydride (1)
Background: Migration of mature and immature leukocytes in response to chemokines is not only essential during inflammation and host defense, but also during development of the hematopoietic system. Many molecules implicated in migratory polarity show uniform cellular distribution under non-activated conditions, but acquire a polarized localization upon exposure to migratory cues.
Methodology/Principal Findings: Here, we present evidence that raft-associated endocytic proteins (flotillins) are preassembled in lymphoid, myeloid and primitive hematopoietic cells and accumulate in the uropod during migration. Furthermore, flotillins display a polarized distribution during immunological synapse formation. Employing the membrane lipid-order sensitive probe Laurdan, we show that flotillin accumulation in the immunological synapse is concomittant with membrane ordering in these regions.
Conclusions: Together with the observation that flotillin polarization does not occur in other polarized cell types such as polarized epithelial cells, our results suggest a specific role for flotillins in hematopoietic cell polarization. Based on our results, we propose that in hematopoietic cells, flotillins provide intrinsic cues that govern segregation of certain microdomain-associated molecules during immune cell polarization.
Asymmetric threats require powerful surveillance technology which helps to preserve the security. Security checks which focus on Improvised Explosive Devices (IED’s) or the identification of persons carrying hazardous substances are the major task of our research within the HAMLeT+ (Hazardous Material Localization and Person Tracking) project. Further on, there is a pressing need for assisting the security personnel, either civil or military, by extending the detection capabilities and to deliver efficient and reliable, real time decision support for their task to percept threats. Military camp protection with heterogeneous net-worked sensors and comprehensive sensor data fusion could be such an element. The technology developments concentrate on the integration of different sensor types (video, tracking sensors, CBRNE sensors) in order to get a better and comprehensive understanding in a defined entry area. Data fusion is used to combine kinematic data of persons (where, when) with additional attribute information of them (what) in order to identify that single person carrying the attributes and to classify the threat. The project was initiated as a Supporting Activity funded by the EU within the PASR 2006 scheme. With regards to the specific task for military camp protection it was extended and redesigned. In HAMLeT+ several chemical sensors for hydrocarbons like fuels, alcohols or solvents were used. Such chemicals are available in bigger amounts on the free market. Using them e.g. as fire accelerants they can cause a huge damage. Therefore their detection or the detection of persons carrying such substances or having contaminations on their clothes is of great interest. Sensitive devices for the detection of these analytes are e.g. metal oxide sensors [1]. Our presentation illustrates experimental data, which were gathered with the experimental system HAMLeT+ during the NATO “Defense Against Terrorism (DAT)” campaign „COMMON SHIELDS” in August and September 2008.
We introduce our Lessons Learned from the NATO CNAD PoW “Defense Against Terrorism (DAT)” campaign „COMMON SHIELD” from August and September 2008, present our data and illustrate our experience, which were gathered with the experimental system HAMLeT+ (Hazardous Material Localization and Person Tracking Plus) for military camp protection. The focus of „COMMON SHIELD” was the network-centric operation and demon-stration of innovative technologies for Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance and Target Acquisition of Terrorists (ISRTA). With regard to the specific task for military camp protection, the original demonstrator HAMLeT [1], which was initiated as a Supporting Activity funded by the EU within the PASR 2006 scheme, was extended and redesigned as HAMLeT+. In HAMLeT+ several chemical sensors for hydrocarbons like fuels, alcohols or solvents were used. The identification of persons carrying hazardous substances and the classification of those substances are the major task of our research. Further on, there is a pressing need for assistance systems for the guards, to extend the spectra of detection capabilities and to receive efficient and reliable, real time decision support for the task to percept threats, which so far could not even be realized at an entry control facility. Security assistance by means of heterogeneous net-worked sensors and comprehensive sensor data fusion could be such an element for better protection. New technological developments concentrate on the integration of different sensor types (video, tracking sensors, CRE sensors) in order to get a better and comprehensive understanding of potential threats in a defined area. Multiple sensors data fusion can be used to combine complementary types of data e.g. kinematic data of objects (where, when) with additional attribute information (what) in order to identify those objects carrying the attributes of interest and give a classification of the potential threat.
Background: Bile acids, end products of the pathway for cholesterol elimination, are required for dietary lipid and fatsoluble vitamin absorption and maintain the balance between cholesterol synthesis in the liver and cholesterol excretion. They are composed of a steroid structure and are primarily made in the liver by the oxidation of cholesterol. Cholesterol is also highly abundant in the human ovarian follicle, where it is used in the formation of the sex steroids.
Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we describe for the first time evidence that all aspects of the bile acid synthesis pathway are present in the human ovarian follicle, including the enzymes in both the classical and alternative pathways, the nuclear receptors known to regulate the pathway, and the end product bile acids. Furthermore, we provide functional evidence that bile acids are produced by the human follicular granulosa cells in response to cholesterol presence in the culture media.
Conclusions/Significance: These findings establish a novel pathway present in the human ovarian follicle that has the capacity to compete directly with sex steroid synthesis.
Embryonic stem cells (ES) have the potential of long-term viability, selfrenewal and pluripotency which makes them interesting candidates for tissue engineering and gene therapy applications. On the other hand ethical and political issues arise while using theses cells and severe problems such as their tumorgenicity have not been solved yet. In the last couple of month a new source of cells with stem cell character was developed, the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS). These cells are derived from differentiated adult cells via transduction of three transcription factors and show features similar to embryonic stem cells. Unfortunately, this includes the tumorgenicity which is even higher in those cells since the transcription factor transduction needed until now, is performed with retrovial vectors, which have a tumor potential on their own. Thus, adult stem cells are investigated extensively as alternative source of self-renewing cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs), which have in addition the advantage of potential autologous transplantation, can be found in various differentiated tissues since they are needed for maintenance and repair. They can be differentiated in chondrogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic and myogenic lineages which makes them an excellent tool for future tissue replacement strategies.