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Over the past two decades many governments of low and middle income countries have started to introduce social protection measures or to extend the coverage and improve the functioning of public social protection systems. These reforms are a "global phenomenon" and can be observed in many African, Asian and Latin American countries. This paper focuses on international determinants for policy change within social protection by assessing the state of the art of both policy diffusion and policy transfer studies. Empirical studies of policy transfer and diffusion in the field of social protection are furthermore assessed in light of the theoretical background.
The paper examines the effectiveness of transgovernmental policy networks as a governance structure for policy diffusion. The analysis is based on a survey including 50 social protection policy maker and technical practitioner who are country delegates to transgovernmental policy networks within the policy area of social protection. The paper provides anecdotal empirical evidence that policy networks contribute to policy diffusion by inducing mutual learning processes.
In this paper, a set of micro-benchmarks is proposed to determine basic performance parameters of single-node mainstream hardware architectures for High Performance Computing. Performance parameters of recent processors, including those of accelerators, are determined. The investigated systems are Intel server processor architectures as well as the two accelerator lines Intel Xeon Phi and Nvidia graphic processors. Results show similarities for some parameters between all architectures, but significant differences for others.
Industrie 4.0: Digitale Wirtschaft – Herausforderung und Chance für Unternehmen und Arbeitswelt
(2015)
Seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre werden neue Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien in der Arbeitswelt genutzt, in wachsendem Ausmaß und mit wachsender Bedeutung. Die verstärkte Digitalisierung verändert sowohl die Wirtschaft als auch die Gesellschaft. Es wird sogar von der "vierten industriellen Revolution" gesprochen, denn traditionelle Geschäftsmodelle geraten unter Druck.