Refine
Departments, institutes and facilities
- Institut für Sicherheitsforschung (ISF) (94) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (44)
- Conference Object (34)
- Report (5)
- Doctoral Thesis (3)
- Patent (3)
- Contribution to a Periodical (2)
- Part of a Book (1)
- Conference Proceedings (1)
- Research Data (1)
Year of publication
Keywords
- Chemometrics (4)
- DNA typing (3)
- Raman spectroscopy (3)
- Classification (2)
- Cooperative Awareness Message (2)
- Discriminant analysis (2)
- Hyperspectral image (2)
- Intelligent Transport System (2)
- Principal Components Analysis (2)
- Privacy (2)
- Pseudonym Concept (2)
- Raman microscopy (2)
- Raman-microspectroscopy (2)
- SERS (2)
- Short tandem repeat (STR) (2)
- Skin detection (2)
- TNT (2)
- Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (2)
- automated sensor-screening (2)
- biometrics (2)
- classification (2)
- discriminant analysis (2)
- food-related bacteria (2)
- image fusion (2)
- machine learning (2)
- optical sensor (2)
- pansharpening (2)
- photonic sensing (2)
- semiconducting metal oxide gas sensor array (2)
- stress response (2)
- AOP (1)
- Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (1)
- Amplifiers (1)
- Anoplophora glabripennis (1)
- AuNPs (1)
- Bacteria (1)
- Bakterien (1)
- Chemical imaging (1)
- Chemicals (1)
- Chemometrie (1)
- Chiral-nematischer Flüssigkristall (1)
- Chromatographische Analyse, Elektrophorese (1)
- Chromatography (1)
- Circular saws (1)
- Collaborating industrial robots (1)
- DNA profile (1)
- Defense and security (1)
- Degraded DNA (1)
- Diodes (1)
- E. coli (1)
- Echtzeitüberwachung (1)
- Embedded system (1)
- Engineering (1)
- Explosives (1)
- Fiber-optic probe (1)
- Flüssigkristalline Polymere (1)
- Forensic genetics (1)
- Forensic genomics (1)
- Fourier scatterometry (1)
- Frequenzauswertung (1)
- Functional safety (1)
- Fährverkehr (1)
- GC/MS (1)
- Gassensor (1)
- Geruchssinn (1)
- Hand injuries (1)
- Heterogenes Sensorsystem (1)
- Homemade explosives (1)
- IED (1)
- IR microspectroscopy (1)
- IR-microspectroscopy (1)
- Infrared (1)
- Infrarot (1)
- Koaxiales Elektrospinnen (1)
- Kriminalistik (1)
- Laser drilling (1)
- Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (1)
- Laserbohren (1)
- Lasermaterialbearbeitung (1)
- Light curtain (1)
- Liquid crystal (1)
- MAP (1)
- MOX gas sensors (1)
- Meat-associated Microorganisms (1)
- Metals (1)
- Microorganisms (1)
- Mobile explosive identification (1)
- Multimodal hyperspectral data (1)
- NIR (1)
- NIR-point sensor (1)
- Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) (1)
- O3/UV (1)
- OCT (1)
- Optische Gassensorik (1)
- PAD (1)
- PCR inhibitors (1)
- Pathogenic Bacteria (1)
- Pattern recognition (1)
- Poultry (1)
- Poultry meat (1)
- Poultry spoilage (1)
- Primary explosives (1)
- Principal component analysis (1)
- Probabilistic methods (1)
- Propellants (1)
- Protective system (1)
- Ps. fluorescens (1)
- Raman (1)
- Raman Spectroscopy (1)
- Rapid method (1)
- Safety guard (1)
- Sensorik (1)
- Sensors (1)
- Sicherheitsmaßnahme (1)
- Smart InGaAs camera-system (1)
- Spectroscopy (1)
- Spectroscropy (1)
- Spektroskopie (1)
- Spoilage (1)
- Spoilage bacteria (1)
- Spürhund (1)
- Supervised classification (1)
- Support vector machines (1)
- TD-GC/MS (1)
- TOC (1)
- Telogen hair (1)
- TiO2-coatings (1)
- Ultrasonic array (1)
- VOC (1)
- Vehicle-2-Vehicle Communication (1)
- Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication (1)
- Vibrational microspectroscopy (1)
- Volatile organic compounds (1)
- Whole genome amplification (1)
- X-STR (1)
- Y-STR (1)
- ambulatory monitoring (1)
- analog/digital signal processing (1)
- authentication (1)
- automatic measurement validation (1)
- bacteria (1)
- bioinformatics (1)
- brightfield microscopy (1)
- camera-based person detection (1)
- chemometrics (1)
- chemosensing (1)
- chiral-nematic (1)
- cholesteric liquid crystals (1)
- cholesteric phase (1)
- coaxial electrospinning (1)
- coffee ring effect (1)
- core-sheath fibers (1)
- decision tree learning (1)
- degraded DNA (1)
- detection (1)
- displacement measurement (1)
- electrospinning (1)
- encapsulation (1)
- estimation (1)
- feature (1)
- fingerprint (1)
- food safety (1)
- forensic (1)
- forensic genetics (1)
- gas sensor (1)
- grating reconstruction (1)
- halogen bonding (1)
- helical twisting power (1)
- high degree of diagnostic coverage and reliability (1)
- high diagnostic coverage and reliability (1)
- high dynamic range resistance readout (1)
- high-throughput sequencing (1)
- holography (1)
- human-robot collaboration (1)
- hydrogen bonding (1)
- industrial robots (1)
- light curtains (1)
- liquid crystal (1)
- low molecular weight (1)
- massive parallel sequencing (1)
- metal-oxide-semiconductor gas sensors (1)
- micromanipulation (1)
- mobile Explosivstoffdetektion (1)
- multi causal strain (1)
- multi-channel power sourcing (1)
- multiresolution analysis (1)
- near infrared (1)
- near-infrared (1)
- next generation sequencing (1)
- nitrogen dioxide (1)
- non-woven fiber mats (1)
- operando Raman spectroscopies (1)
- optical coherence tomography (1)
- optical safeguard sensor (1)
- optical triangulation (1)
- opto-electronic protective device (1)
- ozonation (1)
- physical activity (1)
- physiological monitoring (1)
- presentation attack detection (1)
- presentation attack detection (PAD) (1)
- primäre Explosivstoffe (1)
- prioritizable ranking (1)
- sensor resilience (1)
- sexual assault (1)
- short tandem repeat (1)
- short tandem repeat (STR) (1)
- signal processing algorithm (1)
- skin detection (1)
- slope based signature (1)
- sperm cell (1)
- strain (1)
- stress (1)
- supramolecular liquid crystals (1)
- thermosensing (1)
- time series analysis (1)
- transmission phase gratings (1)
- triacetone triperoxides (1)
- tunable pitch (1)
- tungsten oxides (1)
- two-photon polymerization (1)
- ultrapure water (1)
- ultrasonic sensor (1)
- volatile organic compound (VOC) sensing (1)
- wearable technology (1)
- whole genome amplification (WGA) (1)
Die Detektion von Explosivstoffen stellt ein zentrales Feld der zivilen Sicherheitsforschung dar. Eine besondere Herausforderung liegt hierbei in dem Nachweis verpackter Substanzen, wie es bei Unkonventionellen Spreng- und Brandvorrichtung (USBV) häufig der Fall ist. Derzeit eingesetzte Verfahren arbeiten meist mit bildgebenden Techniken, durch die sich ein Anfangsverdacht ergibt. Der tatsächliche chemische Inhalt der USBV lässt sich jedoch nicht exakt ermitteln. Eine genaue Beurteilung der Gefährdung durch solche Substanzen ist allerdings von großer Bedeutung, insbesondere wenn die Entschärfung des Objekts in bewohntem Gebiet stattfinden muss. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein Verfahren vorgestellt, das sich als Verifikationsverfahren bei bestehendem Anfangsverdacht gezielt einsetzen lässt. Hierzu wird mittels Laserbohrtechnik zunächst die äußere Hülle des zu untersuchenden Gegenstandes durchdrungen. Anschließend finden eine lasergestützte Probenahme des Inhalts sowie die Detektion unter Verwendung geeigneter Analysemöglichkeiten statt. Der Bohr- und Probenahmefortschritt wird über verschiedene spektroskopische und sensorische Verfahren begleitend überwacht. Zukünftig soll das System abstandsfähig auf Entschärfungsrobotern eingesetzt werden.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein neuartiges Verfahren zur Echtzeitüberwachung von Laserbohrprozessen vorgestellt. Die Untersuchungen werden an unterschiedlichen Materialien unter Einsatz eines passiv-gütegeschalteten Nd:YAG Lasers durchgeführt. Prozessbegleitend findet eine Aufzeichnung der akustischen Emissionen mit anschließender Analyse durch schnelle Fourier-Transformation statt. Hierdurch lassen sich der Durchbruch beim Bohren durch ein Material sowie der Materialübergang mehrschichtiger Systeme detektieren. Die akustischen Messungen werden durchAuswertung der Pulsfolge des Lasers mittels einer Fotodiode gestützt. Hierbei zeigt sich eine gute Übereinstimmung der im akustischen Spektrum dominanten Frequenz mit der jeweils im Laserburstauftretenden Pulsfrequenz. Das vorgestellte Verfahren ermöglicht eine Echtzeitüberwachung beim Laserbohren mittels kostengünstiger und einfacher Hardware. Zudem zeichnet es sich im Gegensatz zu bestehenden Verfahren durch eine hohe Robustheit gegen äußere Störeinflüsse aus, da eine frequenzbasierte Auswertung stattfindet.
In this work, the surface reactions of the homemade explosive triacetone triperoxide on tungsten oxide (WO3) sensor surfaces are studied to obtain detailed information about the chemical reactions taking place. Semiconductor gas sensors based on WO3 nanopowders are therefore produced and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. To analyze the reaction mechanisms at the sensor surface, the sensor is monitored online under operation conditions using Raman spectroscopy, which allows to identify the temperature-dependent sensor reactions. By combining information from the Raman spectra with data on the changing resistivity of the underlying semiconductor, it is possible to establish a correlation between the adsorbed gas species and the physical properties of the WO3 layer. In the results, it is indicated that a Lewis acid–base reaction is the most likely mechanism for the increase in resistance observed at temperatures below 150 °C. In the results, at higher temperatures, the assumption of a radical mechanism that causes a decrease in resistance is supported.
Sensoren können verschiedene Aufgaben erfüllen, wie beispielsweise die Optimierung von Prozessen, die Interaktion zwischen Geräten oder die Verbesserung der zivilen Sicherheit. [1–3] Ihr Bedarf für die Industrie oder den Alltag wächst seit Jahren stetig. Besonders mobile Gassensoren sind von großem Interesse. Jedoch ist ihre Anwendung meist durch ihre integrierte Batterie begrenzt. Gassensoren ohne oder mit einem nur sehr geringen Energieverbrauch stehen daher im Interesse bei neuen Anwendungsgebieten, beispielsweise im Brandschutz oder in der Textilindustrie. [4,5] Die Sensoren könnten zum Beispiel in die Textilien einer persönlichen Schutzausrüstung eingearbeitet werden und durch einen Farbumschlag die Anwesenheit eines Gases oder die Überschreitung des Grenzwertes toxischer Substanzen anzeigen.
A deployment of the Vehicle-2-Vehicle communication technology according to ETSI is in preparation in Europe. Currently, a policy for a necessary Public Key Infrastructure to enrol cryptographic keys and certificates for vehicles and infrastructure component is in discussion to enable an interoperable Vehicle-2-Vehicle communication. Vehicle-2-Vehicle communication means that vehicles periodically send Cooperative Awareness Messages. These messages contain the current geographic position, driving direction, speed, acceleration, and the current time of a vehicle. To protect privacy (location privacy, “speed privacy”) of vehicles and drivers ETSI provides a specific pseudonym concept. We show that the Vehicle-2-Vehicle communication can be misused by an attacker to plot a trace of sequent Cooperative Awareness Messages and to link this trace to a specific vehicle. Such a trace is non-disputable due to the cryptographic signing of the messages. So, the periodically sending of Cooperative Awareness Messages causes privacy problems even if the pseudonym concept is applied.
A deployment of the Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication technology according to ETSI is in preparation in Europe. Currently, a Public Key Infrastructure policy for Intelligent Transport Systems in Europe is in discussion to enable V2V communication. This policy set aside two classes of keys and certificates for ITS vehicle stations: long term authentication keys and pseudonymous keys and certificates. We show that from our point of view the periodic sent Cooperative Awareness Messages with extensive data have technical limitations and together with the pseudonym concept cause privacy problems.
Intimate swabs taken for examination in sexual assault cases typically yield mixtures of sperm and epithelial cell types. While powerful, differential extraction protocols to overcome such cell type mixtures by separate lysis of epithelial cells and spermatozoa can still prove ineffective, in particular if only few sperm cells are present or if swabs contain sperm from more than one individual leading to complex low level DNA mixtures. A means to avoid such mixtures consists in the analysis of single micromanipulated sperm cells. However, the quantity of DNA from single sperm cells is not sufficient for conventional STR analysis. Here, we describe a simple method for micromanipulating individual sperm cells from intimate swabs and show that whole genome amplification can generate sufficient amounts of DNA from single cells for subsequent DNA profiling. We recovered over 80% of alleles of haploid autosomal STR profiles from the majority of individual sperm cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in mixtures of sperm from two contributors, Y-STR and X-STR profiles of individual sperm cells can be used to sort the haploid autosomal profiles to develop the diploid consensus STR profiles of the individual donors. Finally, by analysing single sperm cells from mock sexual assault swabs with one or two sperm donors, we showed that our protocols enabled the identification of the unknown male contributors.