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Nowadays Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) are used in many fields of research, e.g. to create prototypes of hardware or in applications where hardware functionality has to be changed more frequently. Boolean circuits, which can be implemented by FPGAs are the compiled result of hardware description languages such as Verilog or VHDL. Odin II is a tool, which supports developers in the research of FPGA based applications and FPGA architecture exploration by providing a framework for compilation and verification. In combination with the tools ABC, T-VPACK and VPR, Odin II is part of a CAD flow, which compiles Verilog source code that targets specific hardware resources. This paper describes the development of a graphical user interface as part of Odin II. The goal is to visualize the results of these tools in order to explore the changing structure during the compilation and optimization processes, which can be helpful to research new FPGA architectures and improve the workflow.
Despite perfect functioning of its internal components, a robot can be unsuccessful in performing its tasks because of unforeseen situations. These situations occur when the behavior of the objects in the robot’s environment deviates from its expected values. For robots, such deviations are exhibited in the form of unknown external faults which prohibit them from performing their tasks successfully. In this work we propose to use naive physics knowledge to reason about such faults in the robotics domain. We propose an approach that uses naive physics concepts to find information about the situations which result in a detected unknown fault. The naive physics knowledge is represented by the physical properties of objects which are formalized in a logical framework. The proposed approach applies a qualitative version of physical laws to these properties for reasoning about the detected fault. By interpreting the reasoning results the robot finds the information about the situations which can cause the fault. We apply the proposed approach to the scenarios in which a robot performs manipulation tasks of picking and placing objects. Results of this application show that naive physics holds great promise for reasoning about unknown ex- ternal faults in robotics.
While industrialized countries are becoming service economies, all countries are becoming global. As competition becomes more global, understanding and accommodating the needs of international customers with different cultural backgrounds has become increasingly important. This study highlights cross-cultural perceptions of service problems in the tourist industry.
Streptococcus agalactiae is the leading cause of bacterial sepsis and meningitis in neonates and is also the causative agent of several serious infections in immunocompromised adults. S. agalactiae encounters multiple niches during an infection, suggesting that regulatory mechanisms control the expression of specific virulence factors in this bacterium. The present study describes the functional characterization of a gene from S. agalactiae, designated rga, which encodes a protein with significant similarity to members of the RofA-like protein (RALP) family of transcriptional regulators. After deletion of the rga gene in the genome of S. agalactiae, the mutant strain exhibited significantly reduced expression of the genes srr-1 and pilA, which encode a serine-rich repeat surface glycoprotein and a pilus protein, respectively, and moderately increased expression of the fbsA gene, which encodes a fibrinogen-binding protein. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated specific DNA binding of purified Rga to the promoter regions of pilA and fbsA, suggesting that Rga directly controls pilA and fbsA. Adherence assays revealed significantly reduced binding of the Δrga mutant to epithelial HEp-2 cells and to immobilized human keratin 4, respectively. In contrast, the adherence of the Δrga mutant to A549 cells and its binding to human fibrinogen was significantly increased. Immunoblot and immunoelectron microscopy revealed that the quantity of pilus structures was significantly reduced in the Δrga mutant compared with the parental strain. The wild-type phenotype could be restored by plasmid-mediated expression of rga, demonstrating that the mutant phenotypes resulted from a loss of Rga function.
Polymerase Chain Reaction
(2011)
In this paper, the performance evaluation of Frequency Modulated Chaotic On-Off Keying (FM-COOK) in AWGN, Rayleigh and Rician fading channels is given. The simulation results show that an improvement in BER can be gained by incorporating the FM modulation with COOK for SNR values less than 10dB in AWGN case and less than 6dB for Rayleigh and Rician fading channels.
Novel Automated Three-Dimensional Genome Scanning Based on the Nuclear Architecture of Telomeres
(2011)