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Interactive Distributed Rendering of 3D Scenes on Multiple Xbox 360 Systems and Personal Computers
(2012)
Transient up-regulation of P2 receptors influence differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
(2012)
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are considered a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, because they have the potential to differentiate into a variety of lineages among which the mesoderm-derived lineages such adipo- or osteogenesis are investigated best. Human MSCs can be harvested in reasonable to large amounts from several parts of the patient’s body and due to this possible autologous origin, allorecognition can be avoided. In addition, even in allogenic origin-derived donor cells, hMSCs generate a local immunosuppressive microenvironment, causing only a weak immune reaction. There is an increasing need for bone replacement in patients from all ages, due to a variety of reasons such as a new recreational behavior in young adults or age-related diseases. Adipogenic differentiation is another interesting lineage, because fat tissue is considered to be a major factor triggering atherosclerosis that ultimately leads to cardiovascular diseases, the main cause of death in industrialized countries. However, understanding the differentiation process in detail is obligatory to achieve a tight control of the process for future clinical applications to avoid undesired side effects. In this review, the current findings for adipo- and osteo-differentiation are summarized together with a brief statement on first clinical trials.
Nützt oder schadet ethisches Verhalten der Karriere und dem Erfolg der Mitarbeiter und ihrer Unternehmen? Wenn man gerade die letzten 10 Entwicklungsjahre in vielen Unternehmen sieht, könnte man spontan die Meinung vertreten, dass Ethik und Moral der Karriere eher schadet, legt man den Maßstab an moralische Qualitäten des täglichen Handelns.
Wesch D, Althaus M, Miranda P, Cruz-Muros I, Fronius M, Gonzalez-Hernandez T, Clauss WG, de la Rosa DA, Giraldez T. Differential N termini in epithelial Na+ channel delta-subunit isoforms modulate channel trafficking to the membrane. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 302: C868-C879, 2012. First published December 7, 2011; doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00255.2011.-The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is a heteromultimeric ion channel that plays a key role in Na+ reabsorption across tight epithelia. The canonical ENaC is formed by three analogous subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma. A fourth ENaC subunit, named delta, is expressed in the nervous system of primates, where its role is unknown. The human delta-ENaC gene generates at least two splice isoforms, delta(1) and delta(2), differing in the N-terminal sequence. Neurons in diverse areas of the human and monkey brain differentially express either delta(1) or delta(2), with few cells coexpressing both isoforms, which suggests that they may play specific physiological roles. Here we show that heterologous expression of delta(1) in Xenopus oocytes and HEK293 cells produces higher current levels than delta(2). Patch-clamp experiments showed no differences in single channel current magnitude and open probability between isoforms. Steady-state plasma membrane abundance accounts for the dissimilarity in macroscopic current levels. Differential trafficking between isoforms is independent of beta- and gamma-subunits, PY-motif-mediated endocytosis, or the presence of additional lysine residues in delta(2)-N terminus. Analysis of delta(2)-N terminus identified two sequences that independently reduce channel abundance in the plasma membrane. The delta(1) higher abundance is consistent with an increased insertion rate into the membrane, since endocytosis rates of both isoforms are indistinguishable. Finally, we conclude that delta-ENaC undergoes dynamin-independent endocytosis as opposed to alpha beta gamma-channels.
This article concerns the design and development of Information- and Communication Technology, in particular computer systems in regard to the demographic transition which will influence user capabilities. It is questionable if current applied computer systems are able to meet the requirements of altered user groups with diversified capabilities. Such an enquiry is necessary based on actual forecasts leading to the assumption that the average age of employees in enterprises will increase significantly within the next 50-60 years, while the percentage of computer aided business tasks, operated by human individuals, rises from year to year. This progress will precipitate specific consequences for enterprises regarding the design and application of computer systems. If computer systems are not adapted to altered user requirements, efficient and productive utilisation could be negatively influenced. These consequences constitute the motivation to extend traditional design methodologies and thereby ensure the application of computer systems that are usable, independent of user capabilities.
This article concerns with the accessibility of Business process modelling tools (BPMo tools) and business process modelling languages (BPMo languages). Therefore the reader will be introduced to business process management and the authors' motivation behind this inquiry. Afterwards, the paper will reflect problems when applying inaccessible BPMo tools. To illustrate these problems the authors distinguish between two different categories of issues and provide practical examples. Finally the article will present three approaches to improve the accessibility of BPMo tools and BPMo languages.
Germany
(2012)
The documentation requirements of data published in long term archives have significantly grown over the last decade. At WDCC the data publishing process is assisted by “Atarrabi”, a web-based workflow system for reviewing and editing metadata information by the data authors and the publication agent. The system ensures high metadata quality for long-term use of the data with persistent identifiers (DOI/URN). By these well-defined references (DOI) credit can properly be given to the data producers in any publication.