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The Potential of Sustainable Antimicrobial Additives for Food Packaging from Native Plants in Benin
(2019)
BonaRes (Modul A): Überwindung der Bodenmüdigkeit mithilfe eines integrierten Ansatzes - ORDIAmur
(2019)
Analytische Chemie I
(2019)
Process-dependent thermo-mechanical viscoelastic properties and the corresponding morphology of HDPE extrusion blow molded (EBM) parts were investigated. Evaluation of bulk data showed that flow direction, draw ratio, and mold temperature influence the viscoelastic behavior significantly in certain temperature ranges. Flow induced orientations due to higher draw ratio and higher mold temperature lead to higher crystallinities. To determine the local viscoelastic properties, a new microindentation system was developed by merging indentation with dynamic mechanical analysis. The local process-structure-property relationship of EBM parts showed that the cross-sectional temperature distribution is clearly reflected by local crystallinities and local complex moduli. Additionally, a model to calculate three-dimensional anisotropic coefficients of thermal expansion as a function of the process dependent crystallinity was developed based on an elementary volume unit cell with stacked layers of amorphous phase and crystalline lamellae. Good agreement of the predicted thermal expansion coefficients with measured ones was found up to a temperature of 70 °C.
2-methylacetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase (beta-ketothiolase) deficiency: one disease - two pathways
(2019)
Background: 2-methylacetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase deficiency (MATD; deficiency of mitochondrial acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase T2/ “beta-ketothiolase”) is an autosomal recessive disorder of ketone body utilization and isoleucine degradation due to mutations in ACAT1.
Methods: We performed a systematic literature search for all available clinical descriptions of patients with MATD. 244 patients were identified and included in this analysis. Clinical course and biochemical data are presented and discussed.
Results: For 89.6 % of patients at least one acute metabolic decompensation was reported. Age at first symptoms ranged from 2 days to 8 years (median 12 months). More than 82% of patients presented in the first two years of life, while manifestation in the neonatal period was the exception (3.4%). 77.0% (157 of 204 patients) of patients showed normal psychomotor development without neurologic abnormalities.
Conclusion: This comprehensive data analysis provides a systematic overview on all cases with MATD identified in the literature. It demonstrates that MATD is a rather benign disorder with often favourable outcome, when compared with many other organic acidurias.
Background 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A lyase deficiency (HMGCLD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of ketogenesis and leucine degradation due to mutations in HMGCL .
Method We performed a systematic literature search to identify all published cases. 211 patients of whom relevant clinical data were available were included in this analysis. Clinical course, biochemical findings and mutation data are highlighted and discussed. An overview on all published HMGCL variants is provided.
Results More than 95% of patients presented with acute metabolic decompensation. Most patients manifested within the first year of life, 42.4% already neonatally. Very few individuals remained asymptomatic. The neurologic long-term outcome was favorable with 62.6% of patients showing normal development.
Conclusion This comprehensive data analysis provides a systematic overview on all published cases with HMGCLD including a list of all known HMGCL mutations.
Synthesis of Substituted Hydroxyapatite for Application in Bone Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery
(2019)
Gas Chromatography
(2019)
Gas chromatography (GC) is one of the most important types of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing chemical organic compounds. Today, gas chromatography is one of the most widespread investigation methods of instrumental analysis. This technique is used in the laboratories of chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries, in research institutes, and also in clinical, environmental, and food and beverage analysis. This book is the outcome of contributions by experts in the field of gas chromatography and includes a short history of gas chromatography, an overview of derivatization methods and sample preparation techniques, a comprehensive study on pyrazole mass spectrometric fragmentation, and a GC/MS/MS method for the determination and quantification of pesticide residues in grape samples.
Mass Spectrometry: Pyrolysis
(2019)
Analytical pyrolysis
(2019)
Analytical pyrolysis deals with the structural identification and quantitation of pyrolysis products with the ultimate aim of establishing the identity of the original material and the mechanisms of its thermal decomposition. The pyrolytic process is carried out in a pyrolyzer interfaced with analytical instrumentation such as gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry (MS), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS), or with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (GC/FTIR). By measurement and identification of pyrolysis products, the molecular composition of the original sample can often be reconstructed.This book is the outcome of contributions by experts in the field of pyrolysis and includes applications of the analytical pyrolysis-GC/MS to characterize the structure of synthetic organic polymers and lignocellulosic materials as well as cellulosic pulps and isolated lignins, solid wood, waste particle board, and bio-oil. The thermal degradation of cellulose and biomass is examined by scanning electron micrography, FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis, and TG/MS. The calorimetric determination of high heating values of different raw biomass, plastic waste, and biomass/plastic waste mixtures and their by-products resulting from pyrolysis is described.
Miscanthus bietet als nachwachsende Industrie- und Energiepflanze zahlreiche Vorteile, die neben den direkten landwirtschaftlichen Anwendungen wie Verbrennung und Tiereinstreu auch eine stoffliche Nutzung im chemischen Bereich zulassen. Als C4-Pflanze mit gesteigerter Photosynthese-Aktivität weist Miscanthus zudem eine hohe CO2-Fixierrate auf. Aufgrund des geringen Kultivierungsaufwandes sowie der hohen Erträge bietet sich Miscanthus als ausgesprochen attraktiver Rohstoff für die Produktion erneuerbarer Kraftstoffe und Chemikalien an, welche mittels thermo-chemischer Umwandlung gewonnen werden.
Chemie ist viel einfacher, als es häufig heißt. Dieses Buch soll dazu beitragen, ihr Interesse an diesem Fach zu wecken oder zu vertiefen. Alle grundlegenden Prinzipien der Chemie werden nachvollziehbar dargestellt. Querbezüge und Zusammenhänge zwischen den verschiedenen Fachgebieten werden gezeigt. Sie werden keine Formel finden, deren Herleitung Sie nicht nachvollziehen können. Am Ende fast jeden Kapitels gibt es Übungsaufgaben. Ausführliche Lösungen gibt es natürlich auch. Das sollte nicht nur für die Prüfungen der ersten Semester reichen, sondern Ihnen auch ein sicheres Fundament für Ihr weiteres Studium bieten.