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After more than twenty years of research, the molecular events of apoptotic cell death can be succinctly stated; different pathways, activated by diverse signals, increase the activity of proteases called caspases that rapidly and irreversibly dismantle condemned cell by cleaving specific substrates. In this time the ideas that apoptosis protects us from tumourigenesis and that cancer chemotherapy works by inducing apoptosis also emerged. Currently, apoptosis research is shifting away from the intracellular events within the dying cell to focus on the effect of apoptotic cells on surrounding tissues. This is producing counterintuitive data showing that our understanding of the role of apoptosis in tumourigenesis and cancer therapy is too simple, with some interesting and provocative implications. Here, we will consider evidence supporting the idea that dying cells signal their presence to the surrounding tissue and, in doing so, elicit repair and regeneration that compensates for any loss of function caused by cell death. We will discuss evidence suggesting that cancer cell proliferation may be driven by inappropriate or corrupted tissue-repair programmes that are initiated by signals from apoptotic cells and show how this may dramatically modify how we view the role of apoptosis in both tumourigenesis and cancer therapy.
Professor Dr. Dietmar Fink, Inhaber des Lehrstuhls für Unternehmensberatung an der Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg und Geschäftsführender Direktor der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft für Management und Beratung (WGMB) in Bonn, über den Mehrwert von Consulting-Rankings und den Sinn von Beraterprojekten bei Versicherern
"Entdecken wir die Welt"
(2007)
Wer ein Studium beginnt, begibt sich auf einen neuen, noch ungekannten Weg in seinem Leben. Viel gilt es erst einmal zu lernen, damit Wissen und Können zu kompetentem Handeln befähigen und im späteren Berufsalltag zur Anwendung gelangen können. Neue Wissensinhalte sind das eine, das andere sind persönliche Erfahrungen, die in der kurzen Zeit eines Studiums ein Leben bereichern und prägen können.
Studierende und Absolventen der neuen Bachelorstudiengänge berichten über ihre Erfahrungen im Praxissemester. Sie wollen damit anderen Studierenden Mut machen, ihren persönlichen Weg ins Ausland zu finden, den ersten Schritt zu wagen und vor allem zur Planung eines eigenen Auslandspraxissemesters anregen. Ihre Beiträge zeigen, persönliche Erfahrungen und Entdeckungen im Ausland können das Leben bereichern und Freundschaften über Kulturen und Länder hinweg entstehen lassen.
Software developers build complex systems using plenty of third-party libraries. Documentation is key to understand and use the functionality provided via the libraries’ APIs. Therefore, functionality is the main focus of contemporary API documentation, while cross-cutting concerns such as security are almost never considered at all, especially when the API itself does not provide security features. Documentations of JavaScript libraries for use in web applications, e.g., do not specify how to add or adapt a Content Security Policy (CSP) to mitigate content injection attacks like Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). This is unfortunate, as security-relevant API documentation might have an influence on secure coding practices and prevailing major vulnerabilities such as XSS. For the first time, we study the effects of integrating security-relevant information in non-security API documentation. For this purpose, we took CSP as an exemplary study object and extended the official Google Maps JavaScript API documentation with security-relevant CSP information in three distinct manners. Then, we evaluated the usage of these variations in a between-group eye-tracking lab study involving N=49 participants. Our observations suggest: (1) Developers are focused on elements with code examples. They mostly skim the documentation while searching for a quick solution to their programming task. This finding gives further evidence to results of related studies. (2) The location where CSP-related code examples are placed in non-security API documentation significantly impacts the time it takes to find this security-relevant information. In particular, the study results showed that the proximity to functional-related code examples in documentation is a decisive factor. (3) Examples significantly help to produce secure CSP solutions. (4) Developers have additional information needs that our approach cannot meet.
Overall, our study contributes to a first understanding of the impact of security-relevant information in non-security API documentation on CSP implementation. Although further research is required, our findings emphasize that API producers should take responsibility for adequately documenting security aspects and thus supporting the sensibility and training of developers to implement secure systems. This responsibility also holds in seemingly non-security relevant contexts.
"Innovation Journalism ist die Politikberichterstattung der Zukunft" Interview mit David Nordfors
(2011)
For robots acting - and failing - in everyday environments, a predictable behaviour representation is important so that it can be utilised for failure analysis, recovery, and subsequent improvement. Learning from demonstration combined with dynamic motion primitives is one commonly used technique for creating models that are easy to analyse and interpret; however, mobile manipulators complicate such models since they need the ability to synchronise arm and base motions for performing purposeful tasks. In this paper, we analyse dynamic motion primitives in the context of a mobile manipulator - a Toyota Human Support Robot (HSR)- and introduce a small extension of dynamic motion primitives that makes it possible to perform whole body motion with a mobile manipulator. We then present an extensive set of experiments in which our robot was grasping various everyday objects in a domestic environment, where a sequence of object detection, pose estimation, and manipulation was required for successfully completing the task. Our experiments demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed whole body motion framework for everyday object manipulation, but also illustrate the necessity for highly adaptive manipulation strategies that make better use of a robot's perceptual capabilities.
"Simplizistische Lösungen verbieten sich." Mit diesem Satz forderte der frühere Vorsitzende des Bundestagsauschusses für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit, Prof. Dr. Uwe Holtz, schon vor dreißig Jahren angemessene Lösungen für globale Politik. Gerade auf die Unüberschaubarkeit und Wechselwirkung globaler Herausforderungen darf nicht mit einfachen Rezepten geantwortet werden. Dr. Eckhard Deutscher, Vorsitzender des Entwicklungsausschusses der OECD, und Prof. Dr. Hartmut Ihne, Präsident der Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, ehren mit dem von ihnen herausgegebenen Aufsatzband Uwe Holtz als einen wichtigen Vordenker globaler Entwicklungen.
Als Auftaktband der Internationalen Schriftenreihe der Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg bietet der Sammelband Analysen zu aktuellen Themen in Außen-, Sicherheits-, Umwelt und Entwicklungspolitik. Führende Persönlichkeiten der internationalen Zusammenarbeit, der Entwicklungspolitik und der Entwicklungsforschung kommen darin zu Wort.
Die dargestellte Rating-Methodik auf der Basis der Vorgehensweise von S&P erscheint bei einer grundsätzlichen Untersuchung der Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeiten von Zahlungsverpflichtungen als sachgerecht. Allerdings bedürfen die aufgezeigten Analyseschritte einer deutlichen Adjustierung der Methodik, um die unterschiedlichen Effekte einer internen und einer externen Finanzierung so herauszuarbeiten, dass nicht bereits durch die angewandte Art der Analyse Verzerrungen in den Aussagen eintreten.
Die Projektverbünde in der Förderlinie FDMScouts.nrw haben am 28.03.2023 die Online-Veranstaltung "#datendienstag: Datenmanagementpläne und Forschungsdatenmanagement in Forschungsanträgen" angeboten. Der Vortrag richtete sich an Forschende und Infrastrukturangehörige – vor allem aus der Forschungsförderung, welche die Antragsstellung begleiten.
Viele Drittmittelgeber erwarten als Teil eines Förderantrags Informationen zum Umgang mit Forschungsdaten. Ein formeller Datenmanagementplan (DMP) wird nur in den seltensten Fällen verlangt. Dennoch ist ein DMP für die Arbeit in einem Forschungsprojekt von Vorteil. Welche Vorteile dies sind und welche Anforderungen Forschende bei der Antragstellung bezüglich des FDMs zu erwarten haben, waren – neben Tipps und Tricks – Gegenstand dieser Veranstaltung.
Das sogenannte „Deutschlandstipendium“ ist 2010 ins Leben gerufen worden. Gemäß den gesetzlichen Vorgaben sollen die Stipendien nach Begabung und Leistung vergeben werden. Darüber hinaus sollen auch gesellschaftliches Engagement oder besondere soziale, familiäre oder persönliche Umstände berücksichtigt werden. Bei der Finanzierung sind die Hochschulen zunächst auf das Einwerben privater Fördermittel angewiesen, die von Bund und Land um denselben Betrag aufgestockt werden. Die privaten Mittelgeber können für die von ihnen anteilig finanzierten Stipendien festlegen, aus welchen Studiengängen ihre Stipendiaten ausgewählt werden sollen. Die Hochschulen haben jedoch darauf zu achten, dass ein Drittel aller zu vergebenden Stipendien ohne eine entsprechende Zweckbindung vergeben werden. Einen direkten Einfluss auf die Auswahl einzelner Kandidaten dürfen die Förderer nicht haben. Vor diesem Hintergrund sind die Hochschulen angehalten, Anreize für private Förderer zu schaffen und parallel Bewerbungs- und Auswahlverfahren zu konzipieren, die die genannten gesetzlichen Vorgaben einhalten. Dadurch entsteht bei den Hochschulen ein erheblicher Verwaltungsaufwand. Zu dessen Reduzierung wird in diesem Artikel ein transparenter, nachvollziehbarer, zeit- und kostensparender Prozess durch einen programmierten Workflow beschrieben.
This ICB Research Report constitutes the proceedings of the following four workshops which were held on Tuesday, 29th June 2010 as part of the Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ) conference 2010 at the University of Duisburg-Essen. First Workshop on Creativity in Requirements Engineering (CreaRE). First International Workshop on Product Line Requirements Engineering and Quality (PLREQ). First Workshop on Requirements Prioritization for customer-oriented Software-Development (RePriCo). First Workshop on Requirements Engineering in Small Companies (RESC).
2-methylacetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase (beta-ketothiolase) deficiency: one disease - two pathways
(2020)
Background: 2-methylacetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase deficiency (MATD; deficiency of mitochondrial acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase T2/ “beta-ketothiolase”) is an autosomal recessive disorder of ketone body utilization and isoleucine degradation due to mutations in ACAT1.
Methods: We performed a systematic literature search for all available clinical descriptions of patients with MATD. Two hundred forty-four patients were identified and included in this analysis. Clinical course and biochemical data are presented and discussed.
Results: For 89.6% of patients at least one acute metabolic decompensation was reported. Age at first symptoms ranged from 2 days to 8 years (median 12 months). More than 82% of patients presented in the first 2 years of life, while manifestation in the neonatal period was the exception (3.4%). 77.0% (157 of 204 patients) of patients showed normal psychomotor development without neurologic abnormalities. Conclusion: This comprehensive data analysis provides a systematic overview on all cases with MATD identified in the literature. It demonstrates that MATD is a rather benign disorder with often favourable outcome, when compared with many other organic acidurias.
2-methylacetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase (beta-ketothiolase) deficiency: one disease - two pathways
(2019)
Background: 2-methylacetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase deficiency (MATD; deficiency of mitochondrial acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase T2/ “beta-ketothiolase”) is an autosomal recessive disorder of ketone body utilization and isoleucine degradation due to mutations in ACAT1.
Methods: We performed a systematic literature search for all available clinical descriptions of patients with MATD. 244 patients were identified and included in this analysis. Clinical course and biochemical data are presented and discussed.
Results: For 89.6 % of patients at least one acute metabolic decompensation was reported. Age at first symptoms ranged from 2 days to 8 years (median 12 months). More than 82% of patients presented in the first two years of life, while manifestation in the neonatal period was the exception (3.4%). 77.0% (157 of 204 patients) of patients showed normal psychomotor development without neurologic abnormalities.
Conclusion: This comprehensive data analysis provides a systematic overview on all cases with MATD identified in the literature. It demonstrates that MATD is a rather benign disorder with often favourable outcome, when compared with many other organic acidurias.
2. Änderung der Geschäftsordnung für den Senat der Fachhochschule Bonn-Rein-Sieg vom 07. April 2005
(2005)
20 Jahre Hochschul- und Kreisbibliothek Bonn-Rhein-Sieg: Eine ungewöhnliche Erfolgsgeschichte
(2018)
Als am 28. September 1998 Oberkreisdirektor Frithjof Kühn (der spätere Landrat) und Kreisdirektorin Monika Lohr für den Rhein-Sieg-Kreis sowie Gründungsrektor Prof. Dr. Hubert Severin und Kanzler Hans Stender für die Fachhochschule Rhein-Sieg (heute Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg) einen Kooperationsvertrag unterschrieben, taten sie etwas sehr Ungewöhnliches: Die wissenschaftliche Bibliothek der Fachhochschule und die öffentliche Bibliothek des Rhein-Sieg-Kreises sollten organisatorisch und räumlich zusammengelegt werden.
Innovative Technologien, veränderte Anbieterstrukturen, stets neue Leistungsangebote und wandelnde Kundenanforderungen prägen und verändern von Beginn an das Erscheinungsbild des TK-Marktes. Unter Berücksichtigung einer Betrachtung im Zeitablauf lässt sich der Markt in drei aufeinanderfolgende Phasen einteilen: 1. Marktöffnung, 2. Konsolidierung und Optimierung, 3. Automatisierung. Die Phasen sind selbstverständlich nicht Überschneidungsfrei, geben jedoch einen Hinweis auf die strukturellen Veränderungen des Marktes.
Sharing economies enabled by technical platforms have been studied regarding their economic, legal, and social effects, as well as with regard to their possible influences on CSCW topics such as work, collaboration, and trust. While a lot current research is focusing on the sharing economy and related communities, there is little work addressing the phenomenon from a socio-technical point of view. Our workshop is meant to address this gap. Building on research themes and discussion from last year’s ECSCW, we seek to engage deeper with topics such as novel socio-technical approaches for enabling sharing communities, discussing issues around digital consumer and worker protection, as well as emerging challenges and opportunities of existing platforms and approaches.
Sie sind im Bereich Qualitätsmanagement tätig und haben die Aufgabe bekommen, ein Problem systematisch zu untersuchen und methodisch zu lösen? Sie haben zu viele Aufgaben und wissen nicht, wie Sie diese priorisieren sollen? Oder haben Sie zu begrenzte Ressourcen, um alle Reklamationen gleichzeitig bearbeiten zu können? Oder wissen nicht, wie Sie einen bestimmten Prozess in seinen Grenzen zielführend verbessern können?
Nitrile-type inhibitors are known to interact with cysteine proteases in a covalent-reversible manner. The chemotype of 3-cyano-3-aza-β-amino acid derivatives was designed in which the N-cyano group is centrally arranged in the molecule to allow for interactions with the nonprimed and primed binding regions of the target enzymes. These compounds were evaluated as inhibitors of the human cysteine cathepsins K, S, B, and L. They exhibited slow-binding behavior and were found to be exceptionally potent, in particular toward cathepsin K, with second-order rate constants up to 52 900 × 103 M–1 s–1.
Background: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A lyase deficiency (HMGCLD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of ketogenesis and leucine degradation due to mutations in HMGCL.
Method: We performed a systematic literature search to identify all published cases. Two hundred eleven patients of whom relevant clinical data were available were included in this analysis. Clinical course, biochemical findings and mutation data are highlighted and discussed. An overview on all published HMGCL variants is provided.
Results: More than 95% of patients presented with acute metabolic decompensation. Most patients manifested within the first year of life, 42.4% already neonatally. Very few individuals remained asymptomatic. The neurologic long-term outcome was favorable with 62.6% of patients showing normal development.
Conclusion: This comprehensive data analysis provides a systematic overview on all published cases with HMGCLD including a list of all known HMGCL mutations.
Background 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A lyase deficiency (HMGCLD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of ketogenesis and leucine degradation due to mutations in HMGCL .
Method We performed a systematic literature search to identify all published cases. 211 patients of whom relevant clinical data were available were included in this analysis. Clinical course, biochemical findings and mutation data are highlighted and discussed. An overview on all published HMGCL variants is provided.
Results More than 95% of patients presented with acute metabolic decompensation. Most patients manifested within the first year of life, 42.4% already neonatally. Very few individuals remained asymptomatic. The neurologic long-term outcome was favorable with 62.6% of patients showing normal development.
Conclusion This comprehensive data analysis provides a systematic overview on all published cases with HMGCLD including a list of all known HMGCL mutations.
3-Hydroxyisobutyrate Dehydrogenase (HIBADH) deficiency - a novel disorder of valine metabolism
(2021)
3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid (3HiB) is an intermediate in the degradation of the branched-chain amino acid valine. Disorders in valine degradation can lead to 3HiB accumulation and its excretion in the urine. This article describes the first two patients with a new metabolic disorder, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase (HIBADH) deficiency, its phenotype and its treatment with a low-valine diet. The detected mutation in the HIBADH gene leads to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay of the mutant allele and to a complete loss-of-function of the enzyme. Under strict adherence to a low-valine diet a rapid decrease of 3HiB excretion in the urine was observed. Due to limited patient numbers and intrafamilial differences in phenotype with one affected and one unaffected individual, the clinical phenotype of HIBADH deficiency needs further evaluation.
In service robotics, tasks without the involvement of objects are barely applicable, like in searching, fetching or delivering tasks. Service robots are supposed to capture efficiently object related information in real world scenes while for instance considering clutter and noise, and also being flexible and scalable to memorize a large set of objects. Besides object perception tasks like object recognition where the object’s identity is analyzed, object categorization is an important visual object perception cue that associates unknown object instances based on their e.g. appearance or shape to a corresponding category. We present a pipeline from the detection of object candidates in a domestic scene over the description to the final shape categorization of detected candidates. In order to detect object related information in cluttered domestic environments an object detection method is proposed that copes with multiple plane and object occurrences like in cluttered scenes with shelves. Further a surface reconstruction method based on Growing Neural Gas (GNG) in combination with a shape distribution-based descriptor is proposed to reflect shape characteristics of object candidates. Beneficial properties provided by the GNG such as smoothing and denoising effects support a stable description of the object candidates which also leads towards a more stable learning of categories. Based on the presented descriptor a dictionary approach combined with a supervised shape learner is presented to learn prediction models of shape categories.
Experimental results, of different shapes related to domestically appearing object shape categories such as cup, can, box, bottle, bowl, plate and ball, are shown. A classification accuracy of about 90% and a sequential execution time of lesser than two seconds for the categorization of an unknown object is achieved which proves the reasonableness of the proposed system design. Additional results are shown towards object tracking and false positive handling to enhance the robustness of the categorization. Also an initial approach towards incremental shape category learning is proposed that learns a new category based on the set of previously learned shape categories.
The ability of detecting people has become a crucial subtask, especially in robotic systems which aim an application in public or domestic environments. Robots already provide their services e.g. in real home improvement markets and guide people to a desired product. In such a scenario many robot internal tasks would benefit from the knowledge of knowing the number and positions of people in the vicinity. The navigation for example could treat them as dynamical moving objects and also predict their next motion directions in order to compute a much safer path. Or the robot could specifically approach customers and offer its services. This requires to detect a person or even a group of people in a reasonable range in front of the robot. Challenges of such a real-world task are e.g. changing lightning conditions, a dynamic environment and different people shapes. In this thesis a 3D people detection approach based on point cloud data provided by the Microsoft Kinect is implemented and integrated on mobile service robot. A Top-Down/Bottom-Up segmentation is applied to increase the systems flexibility and provided the capability to the detect people even if they are partially occluded. A feature set is proposed to detect people in various pose configurations and motions using a machine learning technique. The system can detect people up to a distance of 5 meters. The experimental evaluation compared different machine learning techniques and showed that standing people can be detected with a rate of 87.29% and sitting people with 74.94% using a Random Forest classifier. Certain objects caused several false detections. To elimante those a verification is proposed which further evaluates the persons shape in the 2D space. The detection component has been implemented as s sequential (frame rate of 10 Hz) and a parallel application (frame rate of 16 Hz). Finally, the component has been embedded into complete people search task which explorates the environment, find all people and approach each detected person.