Open Access

As from the beginning of the late 70's an impressive number of innovative electronic payment systems have been developed and tested commercially. However, the resulting variety and complexity of the systems have turned out to be one of the obstacles for the broad acceptance of electronic payment. In this paper we propose a process and service oriented framework, which offers a structural and conceptual orientation in the field of electronic payment. It renders possible an integral view on electronic payment that goes beyond the frame of an individual system. To do this, we have generalized the systems-oriented approaches to a phase-oriented payment model. Using this model, requirements and supporting services for electronic payment can be sorted systematically and described from both the customers' and the merchants' viewpoint. Providing integrated payment processes and services is proving to be a difficult task. With this paper we would like to outline the necessity for a Payment Service Provider to act as a mediator for suppliers and users of electronic payment systems.

Smart home systems change the way we experience the home. While there are established research fields within HCI for visualizing specific use cases of a smart home, studies targeting user demands on visualizations spanning across multiple use cases are rare. Especially, individual data-related demands pose a challenge for usable visualizations. To investigate potentials of an end-user development (EUD) approach for flexibly supporting such demands, we developed a smart home system featuring both pre-defined visualizations and a visualization creation tool. To evaluate our concept, we installed our prototype in 12 households as part of a Living Lab study. Results are based on three interview studies, a design workshop and system log data. We identified eight overarching interests in home data and show how participants used pre-defined visualizations to get an overview and the creation tool to not only address specific use cases but also to answer questions by creating temporary visualizations.

Advocates of autonomous driving predict that the occupation of taxi driver could be made obsolete by shared autonomous vehicles (SAV) in the long term. Conducting interviews with German taxi drivers, we investigate how they perceive the changes caused by advancing automation for the future of their business. Our study contributes insights into how the work of taxi drivers could change given the advent of autonomous driving: While the task of driving could be taken over by SAVs for standard trips, taxi drivers are certain that other areas of their work such as providing supplementary services and assistance to passengers would constitute a limit to such forms of automation, but probably involving a shifting role for the taxi drivers, one which focuses on the sociality of the work. Our findings illustrate how taxi drivers see the future of their work, suggesting design implications for tools that take various forms of assistance into account, and demonstrating how important it is to consider taxi drivers in the co-design of future taxis and SAV services.