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The device (10) has a handrail (18) provided with an optical contactless monitoring device formed as an active sensor system, where the monitoring device is arranged in a region of a guide (14) of the handrail at a front base (16) of an escalator (12) or a moving pavement. The monitoring device has two transmission paths (28, 30) with wavelength bands that are different from each other, where one of the paths includes the handrail. Ratio or difference between signals of the paths is used for recognizing foreign bodies e.g. hands of adults and children.
This paper presents recent research on an active multispectral scanning sensor capable of classifying an object's surface material in order to distinguish between different kinds of materials and human skin. The sensor itself has already been presented in previous work and can be used in conjunction with safeguarding equipment at manually-fed machines or robot workplaces, for example. This work shows how an extended sensor system with advanced material classifiers can be used to provide additional value by distinguishing different materials of work pieces in order to suggest different tools or parameters for the machine (e.g. the use of a different saw blade or rotation speed at table saws). Additionally, a first implementation and evaluation of an active multispectral camera system addressing new safety applications is described. Both approaches intend to increase the productivity and the user's acceptance of the sensor technology.
The need for innovation around the control functions of inverters is great. PV inverters were initially expected to be passive followers of the grid and to disconnect as soon as abnormal conditions happened. Since future power systems will be dominated by generation and storage resources interfaced through inverters these converters must move from following to forming and sustaining the grid. As “digital natives” PV inverters can also play an important role in the digitalisation of distribution networks. In this short review we identified a large potential to make the PV inverter the smart local hub in a distributed energy system. At the micro level, costs and coordination can be improved with bidirectional inverters between the AC grid and PV production, stationary storage, car chargers and DC loads. At the macro level the distributed nature of PV generation means that the same devices will support both to the local distribution network and to the global stability of the grid. Much success has been obtained in the former. The later remains a challenge, in particular in terms of scaling. Yet there is some urgency in researching and demonstrating such solutions. And while digitalisation offers promise in all control aspects it also raises significant cybersecurity concerns.
Kollaborative Industrieroboter werden für produzierende Unternehmen immer kosteneffizienter. Während diese Systeme für den menschlichen Mitarbeiter eine große Hilfe sein können, stellen sie gleichzeitig ein ernstes Gesundheitsrisiko dar, wenn die zwingend notwendigen Sicherheitsmaßnahmen nur unzureichend umgesetzt werden. Herkömmliche Sicherheitseinrichtungen wie Zäune oder Lichtvorhänge bieten einen guten Schutz, aber solch statische Schutzvorrichtungen sind in neuen, hochdynamischen Arbeitsszenarien problematisch.
Im Forschungsprojekt BeyondSPAI wurde ein Funktionsmuster eines Multisensorsystems zur Absicherung solcher dynamischer Arbeitsszenarien entworfen, implementiert und im Feld getestet. Kern des Systems ist eine robuste optische Materialklassifikation, die mit Hilfe eines intelligenten InGaAs-Kamerasystems Haut von anderen typischen Werkstückoberflächen (z.B. Holz, Metalle od. Kunststoffe) unterscheiden kann. Diese einzigartige Eigenschaft wird genutzt, um menschliche Mitarbeiter zuverlässig zu erkennen, so dass ein konventioneller Roboter in Folge als personenbewusster Cobot arbeiten kann.
Das System ist modular und kann leicht mit weiteren Sensoren verschiedenster Art erweitert werden. Es kann an verschiedene Marken von Industrierobotern angepasst werden und lässt sich schnell an bestehenden Robotersystemen integrieren. Die vier vom System bereitgestellten Sicherheitsausgänge können dazu verwendet werden - abhängig von der durchdrungenen Überwachungszone - entweder eine Warnung auszugeben, die Bewegung des Roboters auf eine sichere Geschwindigkeit zu verlangsamen, oder den Roboter sicher anzuhalten. Sobald alle Zonen wieder als „eindeutig frei von Personen“ identifiziert sind, kann der Roboter wieder beschleunigen, seine ursprüngliche Bewegung wiederaufnehmen und die Arbeit fortsetzen.
In this paper, we introduce an optical sensor system, which is integrated into an industrial push-button. The sensor allows to classify the type of material that is in contact with the button when pressed into different material categories on the basis of the material's so called "spectral signature". An approach for a safety sensor system at circular table saws on the same base has been introduced previously on SIAS-2007. This contactless working sensor is able to distinguish reliably between skin, textiles, leather and various other kinds of materials. A typical application for this intelligent push-button is the use at possibly dangerous machines, whose operating instructions include either the prohibition or the obligation to wear gloves during the work at the machine. An exemple of machines at which no gloves are allowed are pillar drilling machines, because of the risk of getting caught in the drill chuck and being turned in by the machine. In many cases this causes very serious hand injuries. Depending on the application needs, the sensor system integrated into the push-button can be configured flexibly by software to prevent the operator from accidentally starting a machine with or without gloves, which can decrease the risk of severe accidents significantly. Especially two-hand controls are incentive to manipulation for easier handling. By equipping both push-buttons of a two-hand control with material classification properties, the user is forced to operate the controls with his bare fingers. That limitation disallows the manipulation of a two-hand control by a simple rodding device.