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Mathematische Vorkurse werden zur Vorbereitung auf das Studium allen Studienanfängerinnen und Studienanfängern der Ingenieurmathematik dringend empfohlen, aber leider fällt es immer schwerer, die Lücke zwischen den Erwartungen an die Vorkenntnisse der Studierenden und dem tatsächlichen Rüstwerkzeug der Studienanfänger/innen zu schließen. In diesem Artikel wird die Projektidee vorgestellt, im Rahmen einer Zusammenarbeit mit dem internationalen ROLE-Projekt einen mathematischen Vorkurs durch zusätzliche Elemente aus dem Bereich der Open Educational Resources sinnvoll zu ergänzen, um eine Binnendifferenzierung zu ermöglichen und den Studierenden zu erleichtern, sich in den Lehrstoff individuell einzuarbeiten.
When it comes to university-level mathematics in engineering education it is getting harder and harder to bridge the gap between the requirements of the curriculum and the actual math skills of first-year students. Often students fail to realise that they lack elementary math skills. Lecturers intend to help them to learn what they have not learned at school. But obstacles like for example lapses in their concentration while working on exercises or playing down their problems can make it difficult to bridge existing gaps.
In order to increase the concentration while solving problems that deal with elementary mathematics students could communicate in a foreign language. By doing so, they have to understand the subject matter in order to talk about it. The Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Science tries to launch a project that examines how dealing with these mathematical problems in a foreign language can support students acquiring fundamental mathematical skill. For this purpose the university is seeking for an international partnership. Via virtual communications students from both universities work in teams in English on mathematical problems. The research question if foreign language teaching can advance the acquisition of knowledge is the focus of interest.
Web-based Editor for YAWL
(2013)
This paper presents a web-based editor that offers YAWL editing capabilities and comprehensive support for the XML format of YAWL. The open-source project Signavio Core Components is extended with a graphical user interface (GUI) for parts of the YAWL Language, and an import-/export component that converts between YAWL and the internal format of Signavio Core Components. This conversion, between the web-based editor and the offcial YAWL Editor, is lossless so both tools may be used together. Compared to the offcial YAWL Editor, the web-based editor is missing some features, but could still facilitate the usage of the YAWL system in use cases that are not supported by a desktop application.
Wirtschaftsinformatikstudium an Universitäten und Fachhochschulen – Konvergenz oder Differenzierung?
(2013)
The reciprocal translocation t(12;21)(p13;q22), the most common structural genomic alteration in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children, results in a chimeric transcription factor TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1). We identified directly and indirectly regulated target genes utilizing an inducible TEL-AML1 system derived from the murine pro B-cell line BA/F3 and a monoclonal antibody directed against TEL-AML1. By integration of promoter binding identified with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-on-chip, gene expression and protein output through microarray technology and stable labelling of amino acids in cell culture, we identified 217 directly and 118 indirectly regulated targets of the TEL-AML1 fusion protein. Directly, but not indirectly, regulated promoters were enriched in AML1-binding sites. The majority of promoter regions were specific for the fusion protein and not bound by native AML1 or TEL. Comparison with gene expression profiles from TEL-AML1-positive patients identified 56 concordantly misregulated genes with negative effects on proliferation and cellular transport mechanisms and positive effects on cellular migration, and stress responses including immunological responses. In summary, this work for the first time gives a comprehensive insight into how TEL-AML1 expression may directly and indirectly contribute to alter cells to become prone for leukemic transformation.
Improving Robustness of Task Execution Against External Faults Using Simulation Based Approach
(2013)
Robots interacting in complex and cluttered environments may face unexpected situations referred to as external faults which prohibit the successful completion of their tasks. In order to function in a more robust manner, robots need to recognise these faults and learn how to deal with them in the future. We present a simulation-based technique to avoid external faults occurring during execusion releasing actions of a robot. Our technique utilizes simulation to generate a set of labeled examples which are used by a histogram algorithm to compute a safe region. A safe region consists of a set of releasing states of an object that correspond to successful performances of the action. This technique also suggests a general solution to avoid the occurrence of external faults for not only the current, observable object but also for any other object of the same shape but different size.
The criteria for assessing the quality of rubber materials are the polymer or copolymer composition and the additives. These additives include plasticizers, extender oils, carbon black, inorganic fillers, antioxidants, heat and light stabilizers, processing aids, cross-linking agents, accelerators, retarders, adhesives, pigments, smoke and flame retardants, and others. Determination of additives in polymers or copolymers generally requires the extraction of these substances from the matrix as a first step, which can be challenging, and the subsequent analysis of the extracted additives by gas chromatography (GC), GC-mass spectrometry (MS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), HPLC-MS, capillary electrophoresis, thin-layer chromatography, and other analytical techniques. In the present work, nitrile rubber materials were studied using direct analytical flash pyrolysis hyphenated to GC and electrospray ionization MS in both scan and selected ion monitoring modes to demonstrate that this technique is a good tool to identify the organic additives in nitrile rubber.
Unternehmen sind in verstärktem Ausmaß Veränderungen der Umwelt ausgesetzt. Mit zunehmender Globalisierung und der wachsenden Komplexität der Wertschöpfungsnetze steigt die Anzahl der Veränderungen, ihre Geschwindigkeit und Stärke und zwingt die Unternehmen schneller und öfter zu zeitnahen (Re-)Aktionen. Die Planung erlaubt es mögliche Entwicklungen gedanklich vorwegzunehmen und frühzeitig rationale richtungweisende Entscheidungen zu treffen, Potenziale zu erschließen, zu sichern und zu nutzen sowie Risiken zu erkennen, zu analysieren und zu minimieren. Die Kontrolle der Entscheidungen erlaubt eine Ursachenanalyse der Abweichungen zwischen Planung und Realität. Kontrolle bildet damit die Basis für Lernprozesse in Unternehmen.
Realism and plausibility of computer controlled entities in entertainment software have been enhanced by adding both static personalities and dynamic emotions. Here a generic model is introduced which allows the transfer of findings from real-life personality studies to a computational model. This information is used for decision making. The introduction of dynamic event-based emotions enables adaptive behavior patterns. The advantages of this new model have been validated with a four-way crossroad in a traffic simulation. Driving agents using the introduced model enhanced by dynamics were compared to agents based on static personality profiles and simple rule-based behavior. It has been shown that adding an adaptive dynamic factor to agents improves perceivable plausibility and realism. It also supports coping with extreme situations in a fair and understandable way.
Distributed systems comprise distributed computing systems, distributed information systems, and distributed pervasive systems. They are often very complex and their implementation is challenging. Intensive and continuous testing is indispensable to ensure reliability and high quality of a distributed system. The testing process should have a high degree of automation, not only on lower levels (i.e. unit and module testing), but also on higher testing levels (e.g. system, integration, and acceptance tests). To achieve automation on higher testing levels virtual infrastructure components (e.g. virtual machines, virtual networks) that are offered as a Service (IaaS) can be employed. The elasticity of on-demand computation resources fits well together with the varying resource demands of automated test execution.
A methodology for automated acceptance testing of distributed systems that uses virtual infrastructure is presented. It is founded on a task-oriented model that is used to abstract concurrency and asynchronous, remote communication in distributed systems. The model is used as groundwork for a domain-specific language that allows expressing tests for distributed systems in the form of scenarios. On the one hand, test scenarios are executable and, therefore, fully automated. On the other hand, test scenarios represent requirements to the system under test making an automated, example-based verification possible.
A prototypical implementation is used to apply the developed methodology in the context of two different case studies. The first case study uses RCE as an example of a distributed, workflow-driven integration environment for scientific computing. The second one uses MongoDB as an example of a document-oriented database system that offers distributed data storage through master-slave replication. The results of the experimental evaluation indicate that the developed acceptance testing methodology is a useful approach to design, build, and execute tests for distributed systems with high quality and a high degree of automation.
Demografischer Wandel und einhergehende Probleme wie Fachkräftemangel, alternde Belegschaft und ein kontinuierlicher Know-How-Verlust, sind keine Fremdworte mehr. Anders verhält es sich mit möglichen Lösungswegen. Frau Kramer stellt in ihrem Werk ein mögliches Lösungskonzept, die lebensphasenorientierten Personalpolitik vor. Sie zeigt anhand praxisnaher Beispiele zwei unterschiedliche Konzepte auf.Die Idee dahinter: Die traditionelle begrenzte Sichtweise der Personalpolitik mit dem Fokus auf die ersten 20 Jahre des Berufslebens wird bei der lebensphasenorientierten Personalpolitik um die gesamte Lebensarbeitszeit erweitert.
Grailog embodies a systematics to visualize knowledge sources by graphical elements. Its main benefit is that the resulting visual presentations are easier to read for humans than the original symbolic source code. In this paper we introduce a methodology to handle the mapping from Datalog RuleML, serialized in XML, to an SVG representation of Grailog, also serialized in XML, via eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT) 2.0/XML; the SVG is then rendered visually by modern Web browsers. This initial mapping is realized to target Grailog's "fully node copied" normal form. Elements can thus be translated one at a time, separating the fundamental Datalog-to-SVG translation concern from the concern of merging node copies for optimal (hyper)graph layout and avoiding its high computational complexity in this online tool. The resulting open source Grailog Knowledge-Source Visualizer (Grailog KS Viz) supports Datalog RuleML with positional relations of arity n>1. The on-the-fly transformation was shown to run on all recent major Web browsers and should be easy to understand, use, and extend.
Im gemeinsamen Verbundprojekt analysierte das IZNE die Wahrnehmung gesundheitlicher und finanzieller Wertschöpfungsaspekte des betrieblichen Mobilitätsmanagements (BMM). Hierzu wurden 178 Betriebe schriftlich und 22 Betriebsleiter in persönlichen Interviews zu Maßnahmen der betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung (BGF) sowie 1.341 Arbeitnehmer aus 14 Unternehmen im Raum Bonn zu ihrem Mobilitätsverhalten befragt. Die Einschätzung der tatsächlichen Existenz und des gesundheitlichen und wirtschaftlichen Nutzens des BMM sollte Bedarf und Optimierungspotentiale erkennbar machen.
Application performance improvements through VM parameter modification after runtime analysis
(2013)
PhD Project Management
(2013)
The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) executes the compiled bytecode version of a Java program and acts as a layer between the program and the operating system. The JVM provides additional features such as Process, Thread, and Memory Management to manage the execution of these programs. The Garbage Collection (GC) is part of the memory management and has an impact on the overall runtime performance because it is responsible for removing dead objects from the heap. Currently, the execution of a program needs to be halted during every GC run. The problem of this stop-the-world approach is that all threads in the JVM need to be suspended. It would be desirable to have a thread-local GC that only blocks the current thread and does not affect any other threads. In particular, this would improve the execution of multi-threaded Java programs. An object that is accessible by more than one thread is called escaped. It is not possible to thread-locally determine if escaped objects are still alive so that they cannot be handled in a thread-local GC. To gain significant performance improvements with a thread-local GC, it is therefore necessary to determine if it is possible to reliably predict if a given object will escape. Experimental results show that the escaping of objects can be predicted with high accuracy based on the line of code the object was allocated from. A thread-local GC was developed to minimize the number of stop-the-world GCs. The prototype implementation delivers a proof-of-concept that shows that this goal can be achieved in certain scenarios.
The simulation of fluid flows is of importance to many fields of application, especially in industry and infrastructure. The modelling equations applied describe a coupled system of non-linear, hyperbolic partial differential equations given by one-dimensional shallow water equations that enable the consistent implementation of free surface flows in open channels as well as pressurised flows in closed pipes. The numerical realisation of these equations is complicated and challenging to date due to their characteristic properties that are able to cause discontinuous solutions.
In Software development, the always beta principle is used to successfully develop innovation based on early and continuous user feedback. In this paper we discuss how this principle could be adapted to the special needs of designing for the Smart Home, where we do not just take care of the software, but also release hardware components. In particular, because of the 'materiality' of the Smart Home one could not just make a beta version available on the web, but an essential part of the development process is also to visit the 'beta' users in their home, to build trust, to face the real world issues and provide assistance to make the Smart Home work for them. After presenting our case study, we will then discuss the challenges we faced and how we dealt with them.
The device (10) has a handrail (18) provided with an optical contactless monitoring device formed as an active sensor system, where the monitoring device is arranged in a region of a guide (14) of the handrail at a front base (16) of an escalator (12) or a moving pavement. The monitoring device has two transmission paths (28, 30) with wavelength bands that are different from each other, where one of the paths includes the handrail. Ratio or difference between signals of the paths is used for recognizing foreign bodies e.g. hands of adults and children.
Molecular modeling is an important subdomain in the field of computational modeling, regarding both scientific and industrial applications. This is because computer simulations on a molecular level are a virtuous instrument to study the impact of microscopic on macroscopic phenomena. Accurate molecular models are indispensable for such simulations in order to predict physical target observables, like density, pressure, diffusion coefficients or energetic properties, quantitatively over a wide range of temperatures. Thereby, molecular interactions are described mathematically by force fields. The mathematical description includes parameters for both intramolecular and intermolecular interactions. While intramolecular force field parameters can be determined by quantum mechanics, the parameterization of the intermolecular part is often tedious. Recently, an empirical procedure, based on the minimization of a loss function between simulated and experimental physical properties, was published by the authors. Thereby, efficient gradient-based numerical optimization algorithms were used. However, empirical force field optimization is inhibited by the two following central issues appearing in molecular simulations: firstly, they are extremely time-consuming, even on modern and high-performance computer clusters, and secondly, simulation data is affected by statistical noise. The latter provokes the fact that an accurate computation of gradients or Hessians is nearly impossible close to a local or global minimum, mainly because the loss function is flat. Therefore, the question arises of whether to apply a derivative-free method approximating the loss function by an appropriate model function. In this paper, a new Sparse Grid-based Optimization Workflow (SpaGrOW) is presented, which accomplishes this task robustly and, at the same time, keeps the number of time-consuming simulations relatively small. This is achieved by an efficient sampling procedure for the approximation based on sparse grids, which is described in full detail: in order to counteract the fact that sparse grids are fully occupied on their boundaries, a mathematical transformation is applied to generate homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. As the main drawback of sparse grids methods is the assumption that the function to be modeled exhibits certain smoothness properties, it has to be approximated by smooth functions first. Radial basis functions turned out to be very suitable to solve this task. The smoothing procedure and the subsequent interpolation on sparse grids are performed within sufficiently large compact trust regions of the parameter space. It is shown and explained how the combination of the three ingredients leads to a new efficient derivative-free algorithm, which has the additional advantage that it is capable of reducing the overall number of simulations by a factor of about two in comparison to gradient-based optimization methods. At the same time, the robustness with respect to statistical noise is maintained. This assertion is proven by both theoretical considerations and practical evaluations for molecular simulations on chemical example substances.
This work extends the affordance-inspired robot control architecture introduced in the MACS project [35] and especially its approach to integrate symbolic planning systems given in [24] by providing methods to automated abstraction of affordances to high-level operators. It discusses how symbolic planning instances can be generated automatically based on these operators and introduces an instantiation method to execute the resulting plans. Preconditions and effects of agent behaviour are learned and represented in Gärdenfors conceptual spaces framework. Its notion of similarity is used to group behaviours to abstract operators based on the affordance-inspired, function-centred view on the environment. Ways on how the capabilities of conceptual spaces to map subsymbolic to symbolic representations to generate PDDL planning domains including affordance-based operators are discussed. During plan execution, affordance-based operators are instantiated by agent behaviour based on the situation directly before its execution. The current situation is compared to past ones and the behaviour that has been most successful in the past is applied. Execution failures can be repaired by action substitution. The concept of using contexts to dynamically change dimension salience as introduced by Gärdenfors is realized by using techniques from the field of feature selection. The approach is evaluated using a 3D simulation environment and implementations of several object manipulation behaviours.
BACKGROUND
Hyperlysinemia is an autosomal recessive inborn error of L-lysine degradation. To date only one causal mutation in the AASS gene encoding α-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase has been reported. We aimed to better define the genetic basis of hyperlysinemia.
METHODS
We collected the clinical, biochemical and molecular data in a cohort of 8 hyperlysinemia patients with distinct neurological features.
RESULTS
We found novel causal mutations in AASS in all affected individuals, including 4 missense mutations, 2 deletions and 1 duplication. In two patients originating from one family, the hyperlysinemia was caused by a contiguous gene deletion syndrome affecting AASS and PTPRZ1.
CONCLUSIONS
Hyperlysinemia is caused by mutations in AASS. As hyperlysinemia is generally considered a benign metabolic variant, the more severe neurological disease course in two patients with a contiguous deletion syndrome may be explained by the additional loss of PTPRZ1. Our findings illustrate the importance of detailed biochemical and genetic studies in any hyperlysinemia patient.
Computers will soon be powerful enough to simulate consciousness. The artificial life community should start to try to understand how consciousness could be simulated. The proposal is to build an artificial life system in which consciousness might be able to evolve. The idea is to develop internet-wide artificial universe in which the agents can evolve. Users play games by defining agents that form communities. The communities have to perform tasks, or compete, or whatever the specific game demands. The demands should be such that agents that are more aware of their universe are more likely to succeed. The agents reproduce and evolve within their user’s machine, but can also sometimes transfer to other machine across the internet. Users will be able to choose the capabilities of their agents from a fixed list, but may also write their own powers for their agents.
Real-Time Simulation of Camera Errors and Their Effect on Some Basic Robotic Vision Algorithms
(2013)
Traffic simulations are generally used to forecast traffic behavior or to simulate non-player characters in computer games and virual environments. These systems are usually modeled in such a way that traffic rules are strictly followed. However, rule violations are a common part of real-life traffic and thus should be integrated into such models.
Als Basis für Simulationen innerhalb virtueller Umgebungen werden meist unterliegende Semantiken benötigt. Im Fall von Verkehrssimulationen werden in der Regel definierte Verkehrsnetzwerke genutzt. Die Erstellung dieser Netzwerke wird meist per Hand durchgeführt, wodurch sie fehleranfällig ist und viel Zeit erfordert. Dieses Projekt wurde im Rahmen des AVeSi Projektes durchgeführt, in dem an der Entwicklung einer realistischen Verkehrssimulation für virtuelle Umgebung geforscht wird. Der im Projekt angestrebte Simulationsansatz basiert auf der Nutzung von zwei Komplexitätsebenen – einer mikroskopischen und einer mesoskopischen. Um einen Übergang zwischen den Simulationsebenen zu realisieren ist eine Verknüpfung der Verkehrsnetzwerke notwendig, was ebenfalls mit einem hohen Zeitaufwand verbunden ist. In diesem Bericht werden Modelle für Verkehrsnetzwerke beider Ebenen vorgestellt. Anschließend wird ein Ansatz beschrieben, der eine automatische Generierung und Verknüpfung von Verkehrsnetzwerken beider Modelle ermöglicht. Als Grundlage für die Generierung der Netzwerke dienen Daten im OpenDRIVE®-Format. Zur Evaluierung wurden wirklichkeitsgetreue OpenStreetMap-Daten, durch Verwendung einer Drittanbietersoftware, in OpenDRIVE®-Datensätze überführt. Es konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass es durch den Ansatz möglich ist, innerhalb weniger Minuten, große Verkehrsnetzwerke zu erzeugen, auf denen unmittelbar Simulationen ausgeführt werden können. Die Qualität der zur Evaluierung generierten Netzwerke reicht jedoch für Umgebungen, in denen ein hoher Realitätsgrad gefordert wird, nicht aus, was einen zusätzlichen Bearbeitungsschritt notwendig macht. Die Qualitätsprobleme konnten darauf zurückgeführt werden, dass der Detailgrad, der den Evaluierungsdaten zu Grunde liegenden OpenStreetMap-Daten, nicht hoch genug und der Überführungsprozess nicht ausreichend transparent ist.
Die Vorstandsperspektive
(2013)
Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency is the most common urea cycle defect. The clinical presentation in female manifesting carriers varies both in onset and severity. We report on a female with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and recurrent episodes of hyperammonemia. Since OTC activity measured in a liver biopsy sample was within normal limits, OTC deficiency was initially excluded from the differential diagnoses of hyperammonemia. Due to moderately elevated homocitrulline excretion, hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria-syndrome was suggested, but further assays in fibroblasts showed normal ornithine utilization. Later, when mutation analysis of the OTC gene became available, a known pathogenic missense mutation (c.533C>T) in exon 5 leading to an exchange of threonine-178 by methionine (p.Thr178Met) was detected. Skewed X-inactivation was demonstrated in leukocyte DNA. In the further clinical course the girl developed marked obesity. By initiating physical activities twice a week, therapeutic control of both diabetes and OTC deficiency improved, but obesity persisted. In conclusion, our case confirms that normal hepatic OTC enzyme activity measured in a single liver biopsy sample does not exclude a clinical relevant mosaic of OTC deficiency because of skewed X-inactivation. Mutation analysis of the OTC gene in whole blood may be a simple way to establish the diagnosis of OTC deficiency. The joint occurrence of OTC deficiency and diabetes in a patient has not been reported before.
BACKGROUND
Propionic acidemia is an inherited disorder caused by deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase. Although it is one of the most frequent organic acidurias, information on the outcome of affected individuals is still limited.
STUDY DESIGN/METHODS
Clinical and outcome data of 55 patients with propionic acidemia from 16 European metabolic centers were evaluated retrospectively. 35 patients were diagnosed by selective metabolic screening while 20 patients were identified by newborn screening. Endocrine parameters and bone age were evaluated. In addition, IQ testing was performed and the patients' and their families' quality of life was assessed.
RESULTS
The vast majority of patients (>85%) presented with metabolic decompensation in the neonatal period. Asymptomatic individuals were the exception. About three quarters of the study population was mentally retarded, median IQ was 55. Apart from neurologic symptoms, complications comprised hematologic abnormalities, cardiac diseases, feeding problems and impaired growth. Most patients considered their quality of life high. However, according to the parents' point of view psychic problems were four times more common in propionic acidemia patients than in healthy controls.
CONCLUSION
Our data show that the outcome of propionic acidemia is still unfavourable, in spite of improved clinical management. Many patients develop long-term complications affecting different organ systems. Impairment of neurocognitive development is of special concern. Nevertheless, self-assessment of quality of life of the patients and their parents yielded rather positive results.
BACKGROUND
Metabolic control and dietary management of patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) are based on single blood samples obtained at variable intervals. Sampling conditions are often not well-specified and intermittent variation of phenylalanine concentrations between two measurements remains unknown. We determined phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations in blood over 24 hours. Additionally, the impact of food intake and physical exercise on phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations was examined. Subcutaneous microdialysis was evaluated as a tool for monitoring phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations in PKU patients.
METHODS
Phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations of eight adult patients with PKU were determined at 60 minute intervals in serum, dried blood and subcutaneous microdialysate and additionally every 30 minutes postprandially in subcutaneous microdialysate. During the study period of 24 hours individually tailored meals with defined phenylalanine and tyrosine contents were served at fixed times and 20 min bicycle-ergometry was performed.
RESULTS
Serum phenylalanine concentrations showed only minor variations while tyrosine concentrations varied significantly more over the 24-hour period. Food intake within the patients' individual diet had no consistent effect on the mean phenylalanine concentration but the tyrosine concentration increased up to 300% individually. Mean phenylalanine concentration remained stable after short-term bicycle-exercise whereas mean tyrosine concentration declined significantly. Phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations in dried blood were significantly lower than serum concentrations. No close correlation has been found between serum and microdialysis fluid for phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations.
CONCLUSIONS
Slight diurnal variation of phenylalanine concentrations in serum implicates that a single blood sample does reliably reflect the metabolic control in this group of adult patients. Phenylalanine concentrations determined by subcutaneous microdialysis do not correlate with the patients' phenylalanine concentrations in serum/blood.
Power train models are required to simulate hence predict energy consumption of vehicles. Efficiencies for different components in power train are required. Common procedures use digitalised shell models (or maps) to model the efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) and manual gearboxes (MG). Errors are connected with these models and affect the accuracy of the calculation. The accuracy depends on the configuration of the simulation, the digitalisation of the data and the data used. This paper evaluates these sources of error. The understanding of the source of error can improve the results of the modelling by more than eight percent.
Die Greenpocket GmbH hat in Kooperation mit der Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg eine Studie zum Thema Smart Home durchgeführt. Wie die Onlinebefragung zeigt, ist die Zahlungsbereitschaft für Smart-Home-Lösungen bei jungen, technikaffinen Verbrauchern, den Digital Natives, höher ls bisher angenommen. Insgesamt umfasste der Online-Fragebogen 32 Fragen. Teile der Befragung wurden nach dem Kano-Modell konzipiert. Zu den Ergebnissen der Befragung: Der Steuerung über das Smartphone kommt eine wichtige Rolle zu. Insgesamt ist die Qualität wichtiger als ein niedriger Preis. Langfristig sollte ein Smart Home die Gewohnheiten des Nutzers automatisch erkennen und berücksichtigen können. Die Anbindung an soziale Netzwerke wird hingegen kritisch beurteilt. Als wünschenswert wird die Steuerung von Haushalts- und Elektrogeräten in Abhängigkeit vom Strompreis empfunden.
IT-gestütztes IT-Controlling
(2013)
Cloud-Services gelten als zukunftsträchtiges Konzept zur Bereitstellung von IT-Leistungen und verdrängen zunehmend klassische IT-Outsourcing-Modelle. Allerdings weichen noch viele Unternehmen auf traditionelle Bereitstellungskonzepte (z. B. Betrieb eines eigenen Rechenzentrums, Klassisches Outsourcing) aus. Ein Grund hierfür ist das fehlende Vertrauen in die „Cloud“. Der Kunde kann in der Regel die möglichen Risiken und das Sicherheitsniveau des Anbieters nicht beurteilen, da er meist auch keine direkte Einsicht in die Abläufe und Strukturen des Dienstleisters hat (Winkelmann, 2010).
Die weitere Verbreitung von Cloud-Diensten hängt stark davon ab, ob die Leistungsabnehmer ausreichend Vertrauen in die IT-Dienstleister, die technische Infrastruktur und das gesamte organisatorisch-rechtliche Umfeld (z.B. auch den jeweiligen Rechtsschutz, Anspruchs- und Klagemöglichkeiten) haben. Eine Möglichkeit, diese Situation im Sinne einer Entscheidungshilfe zu verbessern ist es, ein neutrales „Zertifikat für ITSicherheit von Cloud-Services“ zu nutzen. Im Rahmen der weiteren Vertrauensbildung in die „Cloud“ ist der unabhängigen Zertifizierung von Cloud-Services eine erhebliche Bedeutung beizumessen.
Dieses White-Paper beschreibt typische Kategorien von Cloud-Services, thematisiert die hohe Bedeutung des Vertrauens in die Cloud und geht auf Anforderungen an eine „vertrauenswürdige Zertifizierung von Cloud-Dienstleistungen“ (Trusted Cloud-Services) ein.
Abschließend wird ein praxisreifes Lösungsangebot zur Zertifizierung von Cloud-Diensten vorgestellt, welches die zuvor beschriebenen Anforderungen erfüllen kann.
Die Klausur
(2013)
Die Aufgaben sind Teil einer Klausur, die im Sommersemester 2013 von Prof. Dr.
Andreas Gadatsch (Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg) im Prüfungsfach IT-Controlling
für Wirtschaftswissenschaftler des Master-Studiengangs Informations- und
Innovationsmanagement gestellt wurde. Bearbeitungszeit der gesamten Klausur:
90 Minuten.
Steigender Kostendruck und der Zwang zur Verbesserung der Wirtschaftlichkeit sind für Mitarbeiter im Gesundheitswesen Realität geworden. Viele Einrichtungen müssen ihre Arbeitsabläufe optimieren und gleichzeitig die Qualität ihrer Leistungen verbessern. Das Buch erläutert Grundlagen und ausgewählte Methoden des Prozessmanagements, die in Einrichtungen des Gesundheitswesens (Krankenhäuser, Krankenkassen und Krankenversicherungen) eingesetzt werden können.
Unter Big Data wird die Echtzeitverarbeitung sehr großer Datenmengen für analytische Aufgaben verstanden. Neue Technologien und Methoden machen es möglich, bislang nicht genutzte Analyseaufgaben in kürzester Zeit durchzuführen. Der Beitrag zeigt, wie Big Data in den betriebswirtschaftlichen Kontext einzuordnen ist, welche Chancen den Unternehmen offen stehen und welche Auswirkungen dies für den Controller haben wird.
Benchmarking
(2013)
We derive rates of convergence for limit theorems that reveal the intricate structure of the phase transitions in a mean-field version of the Blume-Emery-Griffith model. The theorems consist of scaling limits for the total spin. The model depends on the inverse temperature β and the interaction strength K. The rates of convergence results are obtained as (β,K) converges along appropriate sequences (βn,Kn) to points belonging to various subsets of the phase diagram which include a curve of second-order points and a tricritical point. We apply Stein's method for normal and non-normal approximation avoiding the use of transforms and supplying bounds, such as those of Berry-Esseen quality, on approximation error. We observe an additional phase transition phenomenon in the sense that depending on how fast Kn and βn are converging to points in various subsets of the phase diagram, different rates of convergences to one and the same limiting distribution occur.
Produktionswirtschaft
(2013)
Radio pulsars in relativistic binary systems are unique tools to study the curved space-time around massive compact objects. The discovery of a pulsar closely orbiting the super-massive black hole at the centre of our Galaxy, Sgr A⋆, would provide a superb test-bed for gravitational physics. To date, the absence of any radio pulsar discoveries within a few arc minutes of Sgr A⋆ has been explained by one principal factor: extreme scattering of radio waves caused by inhomogeneities in the ionized component of the interstellar medium in the central 100 pc around Sgr A⋆. Scattering, which causes temporal broadening of pulses, can only be mitigated by observing at higher frequencies. Here we describe recent searches of the Galactic centre region performed at a frequency of 18.95 GHz with the Effelsberg radio telescope.
Earth’s nearest candidate supermassive black hole lies at the centre of the Milky Way1. Its electromagnetic emission is thought to be powered by radiatively inefficient accretion of gas from its environment2, which is a standard mode of energy supply for most galactic nuclei. X-ray measurements have already resolved a tenuous hot gas component from which the black hole can be fed3. The magnetization of the gas, however, which is a crucial parameter determining the structure of the accretion flow, remains unknown. Strong magnetic fields can influence the dynamics of accretion, remove angular momentum from the infalling gas4, expel matter through relativistic jets5 and lead to synchrotron emission such as that previously observed6, 7, 8. Here we report multi-frequency radio measurements of a newly discovered pulsar close to the Galactic Centre9, 10, 11, 12 and show that the pulsar’s unusually large Faraday rotation (the rotation of the plane of polarization of the emission in the presence of an external magnetic field) indicates that there is a dynamically important magnetic field near the black hole. If this field is accreted down to the event horizon it provides enough magnetic flux to explain the observed emission—from radio to X-ray wavelengths—from the black hole.