Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften
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Durch vermehrten Einsatz von Elektrofahrzeugen könnten die verkehrsbedingten Schadstoff-Emissionen sowie der Lärm in den Ballungsräumen verringert werden. Die Autoren bieten einen leicht verständlichen technischen Überblick, untersuchen aber vor allem die ökonomisch sinnvollen Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Elektroautos. Die bisherige Literatur bestand aus technischen Machbarkeitsstudien.
Background:
Access to electricity is one of the enabling factors for healthcare service provision. From the sustainable development perspective, an essential requirement for improving health and caring for our environment is to assure that health facilities have sufficient and reliable access to the supply of clean and sustainable energy. The objective of this work is to investigate the users’ perceptions of electricity needs and electricity sources and the way those influence different attributes and their relevance for the diffusion of renewable electricity systems in healthcare facilities.
Methods:
To identify preferences and choices, Stated Choice modelling was applied as the use of solar PV systems in health facilities is not widespread in Ghana. This method allows to present the respondents with hypothetical options, which have attributes close to the real world. Four attributes were considered, namely electricity system configuration, initial investment cost, monthly costs, and improvements to the reliability of the electricity supply.
Results:
The largest share of the 200 health facilities interviewed reported services provision as outpatient treatment, provision of maternity services and family planning, which are relatively low electricity-intensive services. However, there was a general perception that increased reliability on the electricity supply can improve the health service provision and operation of the facilities. Moreover, despite that preferences towards the solar systems, the initial investment costs of the solar systems is still perceived as preventing the adoption of this technology
Conclusion:
From this study we can conclude that health facilities in Ghana rely greatly on the national supply which has issues with reliability, compromising the delivery of healthcare services. However, the adoption of alternative electricity technologies based on renewable sources is not likely to occur at the facility level without the engagement of other actors that can help bridging the barriers for adoption, as initial investment costs.
Intersectoral collaborations are an integral component of the prevention and control of diseases in a complex health system. On the one hand, One Health (OH) is promoting the establishment of intersectoral collaborations for prevention at the human-animal-environment interface. On the other hand, operationalising OH can only be realized through intersectoral collaborations.
This work contributes to broadening the knowledge of the process for operationalising OH by analysing the governance structures behind different initiatives that tackle health problems at the human-animal-environment interface. The cases taken as examples for the analysis are the control and response to rabies and avian influenza under “classical OH”, and the management of floods and droughts for insights into “extended OH”. Data from Ghana and India were collected and compared to identify the key elements that enable ISC for OH.
Despite the case studies being heterogeneous in terms of their geographic, economic, social, cultural, and historical contexts, strong similarities were identified on how intersectoral collaborations in OH were initiated, managed, and taken to scale.
The actions documented for rabies prevention and control were historically based on one sector being the leader and implementer of activities, while avian influenza management relied more on intersectoral collaborations with clearly defined sectoral responsibilities. The management of the impact of flood and droughts on health provided a good example of intersectoral collaborations achieved by sectoral integration; however, the human health component was only involved in the response stage in the case of Ghana, while for India, there were broader schemes of intersectoral collaborations for prevention, adaptation, and response concerning climate change and disaster.
In diesem Lehrbuch geben die Autoren eine Einführung in die Methoden des traditionellen Projektmanagements in Anlehnung an die deutsche Gesellschaft für Projektmanagement (GPM/IPMA) und das Project Management Institute (PMI). Die typischen Merkmale und Schritte in einem Projekt, wichtige Rollen sowie die hilfreiche Einteilung in Phasen werden aufgezeigt und der Leser lernt, eine realistische Projektplanung aufzustellen und das Projekt zielgerichtet zu steuern. Viele praktische Beispiele sowie eingefügte Video-Sequenzen veranschaulichen das Gelernte. Arbeitsvorlagen sowie Kontrollfragen und Musterlösungen zu jedem Kapitel erleichtern den Einsatz in der Lehre und im Selbststudium. (Verlagsangaben)
Wissenschaft trifft Praxis
(2017)
Voice assistants (VA) collect data about users’ daily life including interactions with other connected devices, musical preferences, and unintended interactions. While users appreciate the convenience of VAs, their understanding and expectations of data collection by vendors are often vague and incomplete. By making the collected data explorable for consumers, our research-through-design approach seeks to unveil design resources for fostering data literacy and help users in making better informed decisions regarding their use of VAs. In this paper, we present the design of an interactive prototype that visualizes the conversations with VAs on a timeline and provides end users with basic means to engage with data, for instance allowing for filtering and categorization. Based on an evaluation with eleven households, our paper provides insights on how users reflect upon their data trails and presents design guidelines for supporting data literacy of consumers in the context of VAs.
Open Innovation
(2018)
Open Innovation
(2021)
Der Begriff Open Innovation steht für die Öffnung von unternehmensinternen Innovationsprozessen für sogenannte „externe Quellen“. Zu diesen externen Quellen zählen beispielsweise Lieferanten, Partner, Experten aus Forschungseinrichtungen und insbeson-dere auch Kunden. Diese werden gezielt in die Innovationsentwicklung integriert, sei es als Informations- und Ideenquelle bzw. als Impulsgeber für die Innovationsentwicklung. Daneben existieren auch tiefere Integrationsmöglichkeiten, die eine direkte Partizipation an der Innovationsentwicklung ermöglichen.
Open Innovation
(2020)